Site-dependent Variation Of Stem Cells From Two Distinct Depots Of Adipose And The Effect Of Extracellular Matrix On Adipose-derived Stem Cells

The applications of adipose and adipose-derived stem cells in plastic surgery have been more and more extensive which include all kinds of lipofilling,wound repair,and stem cell therapies.However,their characteristics are not fully understood.Objective: To study the site-dependent variation of adipose-derived stem cells,we compared the differences between subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells and infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells by focusing on their differentiation and proliferation to explore the relationship between function and origination.Furthermore,we applied high throughput methods of RNA-seq and proteomics to study their differences in gene expression and protein synthesis.After that,we investigated the promotion effect of decellularized extracellular matrix on adipose-derived stem cells to explore the value of their combined applications.Materials and methods:Harvest rabbit subcutaneous adipose and infrapatellar fat pad by donor-match.Enzyme digestion acquired the corresponding adipose-derived stem cells.The differences in proliferation rate,surface marker,osteogenesis,adipogenesis,and chondrogenesis were assayed.The differential expressed genes were analyzed by using RNA-seq on mRNA of adipose-derived stem cells.Proteomics investigated the differential expressed proteins between the two kinds of cells.Human subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells were acquired and used to prepare decellularized extracellular matrix.The adipose-derived stem cells were seeded onto regular plastic culture disk and matrix-coated disk,respectively.Investigate the influence of decellularized extracellular matrix on the proliferation and differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells.Results: Subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells had advantages on proliferation and adipogenesis while infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells had a significant preference for chondrogenesis.There weren’t any differences on osteogenesis between them.The result of RNA-seq and proteomics demonstrated that infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells had a preference for chondrogenesis naturally while subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells had a trend in adipogenesis.The result also indicated why the latter proliferated faster.The decellularized extracellular matrix can significantly promote the proliferation potential of adipose-derived stem cells and facilitate their adipogenic and chondrogenic potential.Conclusions: There were significant differences between the infrapatellar fat pad and subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells which were adapted to their origins.The former tended to differentiate into chondrocyte while the latter preferred adipocyte.The latter also had a distinct advantage on proliferation.Decellularized extracellular matrix can maintain the proliferation ability and differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells for an extended period which proved to be an efficient way of culturing adipose-derived stem cells in vitro.