The Study Of Feng Youlan's View Of Harmony

At present,many intellectuals in academic world are thinking about the construction of a harmonious society from the perspective of Marxism and have achieved fruitful results.But research on this issue from the perspective of Chinese traditional culture is relatively rare.Feng Youlan's view of harmony is the summary and sublimation of constructing a harmonious society in Chinese traditional culture,which not only embodies the essence of Chinese historical predecessors' thought in pursuing social harmony,but also integrates the correct theory of western philosophy,and achieves the goal of " drawing from the past and foreign achievements" advocated by Comrade Mao Zedong.The value purport of Feng Youlan's view of harmony is expounding the old state of China to promote socialist modernization,and to combine the development of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation and the construction of a harmonious society to promote the modernization of China in practice.At present,there is little research on Feng Youlan's view of harmony in academic circles.Only few papers and books mentioned Feng Youlan's partial thoughts of harmony in some aspects,but a whole and systematic study has not yet formedon Feng Youlan's view of harmony,so we should focus on regarding Feng Youlan's view of harmony as a whole.Studying Feng Youlan's view of harmony can not only broaden the study scope of Neo-Confucianism,but also is advantageous to building a better harmonious socialist society.Feng Youlan was born during the Sino-Japanese War,and witnessed the turmoil of the old Chinese society and the sufferings of the people.Feng Youlan himself also had many misfortunes and calamities.He traveled around with his parents and suffered a great deal from childhood,lost his father as a boy,lost his wife during young adulthood,arrested and imprisoned by the Kuomintang army in middle age.Two years later,when the country was invaded,he lost his loving mother.Feng Youlan's tragic life is a microcosm of the turmoil in the old society.The both factors of the individual and the society inspired Feng Youlan's desire and exploration for harmony.Feng Youlan's family attaches importance to the traditional education of Chinese studies,but disdains stereotyped examinations.This laid the foundation for Feng Youlan's initiation education of Chinese culture,and at the same time,he obtained the good habit of flexible learning and independent thinking.On the basis of his mastery of traditional Chinese culture,Feng Youlan went to the United States to study at the age of 24.This trip to the United States not only broadens Feng Youlan's horizons,but also enables Feng Youlan to grow into a great thinker,who has a thorough knowledge of both Chinese and Western cultures.This provides a good condition for Feng Youlan to build up his own view of harmony.On the basis of summing up,summarizing and abandoning formers' harmonious theories,drawing lessons from the logic analysis method and the neo-realism theory of western philosophy,he puts forward his own unique theory of social harmony.Feng Youlan is proficient in logical analysis,which makes his theoretical system of social harmony very clear and coherent.In general,there is the natural transition from metaphysics to physics,and from inner harmony to universal harmony.On the metaphysical level,he constructs a philosophical foundation of social harmony through philosophy,and then gradually develops his theory of social harmony.First,It is to realize the harmony between human body and mind.Secondly,from the harmony between human body and mind to the harmony between man and man,man and society.Thirdly,from the harmony between man and man,man and society,to the harmony between man and nature.Finally,it is to realize the harmony of the whole universe.The main cause of inner disharmony is the bad influence caused by unhelpful personal intention,the anxiety about fate,and the obsessive pursuit of fame and fortune,disturbing the inner peace of mind.Feng Youlan divides feelings into two parts.Some are "public" feelings,they are beneficial,and the rest are "private" feelings,which are unhelpful.He advocates the elimination of personal selfishness from unhelpful feelings by means of affective obedience.He also advocates to resolve the problem by taking advantage of subjective efforts,such as "controlling life by force" and "controlling life by righteousness".In this way,the anxiety about the fate can be relieved.Finally,through combining the ease of the Taoists and the virtue of Confucianism,we can resolve the paranoid pursuit of fame and wealth with generated "do it without utilitarian purposes".Through these efforts,we can make our hearts calm and tranquil.With the inner harmony,individual's desire can be regulated through the rational,avoiding the body and mind disharmony caused by unsatisfied desires and the interpersonal disharmony caused by people's desire conflict,at the same time,we should actively play the role of five kinds of constant morality,such as benevolence,righteousness,courtesy,wisdom and faith in promoting interpersonal harmony,achieving physical and mental harmony and harmony between people.If society can meet the reasonable desires of the individual and individual is conscientious and responsible to the society,personal and social harmony can be achieved.After people expand the scope of doing their duty from the society to the universe,the universe harmony will be realized.Feng Youlan's contribution to the concept of harmony mainly lies in the innovation of the method and content of constructing a harmonious society and the promotion of the establishing an intimate humman community of shared destiny.However,due to the limitations of the times and the insufficient understanding of some problems,Feng Youlan's view of harmony has some theoretical shortcomings.It is mainly reflected in his subjective desire to put his own pursuit of moral value on the ontology of "Neo-Confucianism".However,this kind of link failed because of the lack of "theory" and "circulation" in Feng Youlan's ontology,which is the inherent logic contradiction of his harmony theory.When Feng Youlan explains the promotion of industrialization to the emancipation of women,the bourgeoisie's class nature of oppressing proletarian women has also been neglected,which makes his harmony theory between men and women lack depth.