On The Evolution Of Poetics In The Qing Dynasty In The Perspective Of Time And Space

Human being is an existence in time and space.In the course of history,human beings constantly explore and recourse to the existence of time and space,and to deal with social life and sent it into the social order,which has become an important background of ancient social thought.This kind of thinking of human civilization finally accumulates into a cultural tradition and is integrated into artistic activities.Ancient Chinese poetics is produced and developed in this ideological background.Ancient Chinese poetic principles,poetic art and poetic criticism are closely related to the formation and development of the concept of time and space.Firstly,people gradually confirm their existence in the perceptual experience of time and space,and raise the understanding of time and space in daily experience to the abstract level,which has a direct impact on the occurrence and continuation of Chinese philosophy and aesthetic consciousness.Secondly,the space-time ontology of poetry makes the expression of ancient poetry theory discourse also show the form of space-time in imagination and conception,text structure organization and language or category.Thirdly,the ancient poetry theory takes time and space consciousness as its theoretical thinking mode,forming the specific category to expressing time and space implication.Among these categories,the most representative one is the "Xing" which symbolizes and transforms the physical space order in the field of social psychology,the "artistic conception" presented by the artistic structure of the social psychological order,and the "Romantic Charm " which embodies the understanding of nature,society and aesthetic time,under the influence of space-time thinking.In ancient China,the category of poetry is basically based on the physical space-time experience,the construction of social,historical and ethical space-time and the aesthetic space-time experience.Therefore,this paper intends to select a sample that is a progression stage of poetics in a specific historical period,to understand the inheritance and development of poetics and the expression of its theoretical form under the influence of the concept of time and space.Undoubtedly,the poetics of the Qing Dynasty provided a good sample for this kind of research.On the one hand,from the perspective of the subject of poet,the ideological culture and political environment faced by the poets of the Qing Dynasty,and the samples provided by them,are more referenced and can clearly observe the poetry from their social location and mainstream values.On the other hand,the poetics of the Qing Dynasty is the summing period of ancient Chinese literary creation and poetic tradition,and the enlightenment period of modern poetics,so,undoubtedly,to exploring poetic inheritance in this historical stage is more valuable.In addition,the Qing Dynasty poetics provides a rich text and theoretical resources for research.This paper attempts to finding out the inner logical path from the relationship between the external ideological and cultural environment generated by poetics,and analyzes the role of time and space consciousness in its theoretical construction,from Wang Fuzhi in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty,Wang Shizhen in the early Qing Dynasty,Yuan Mei in the middle of the Qing Dynasty and Wang Guowei in the late Qing Dynasty.Wang Fuzhi is the representative of poetry in the early Qing Dynasty.Wang Chuanshan stipulates the "Pratyaksa ",which through holistic and life-like creation expresses time and space.Wang Shizhen,live in the heyday in the early Qing Dynasty,his "Romantic Charm" hold that time and life are combined into one,which is called " fantastic ";in the sense of space,the poetry fusion of the universe,which is called "rhyme".The ideological emancipation has gradually revived since the Qianlong period,Yuan Mei’s “ Xing-Ling theory ” is growing up in this environment." Xing-Ling theory " means more "disrance" form society,feeling the beauty of time in nature and in the image space.Wang Guowei’s "realm theory ",such as "expressiveness" and "non-expressiveness" " Selfless State "," pure heart " etc.in many respects express Wang Guowei’s sense of time and space.In Wang Guowei’s poetics,he interweaves many propositions such as the subject’s life space,historical time consciousness,and artistic aesthetic space,and inherits and creates traditional poetics.In conclusion,the concept of time and space presents the characteristics of the evolution of poetics in the Qing Dynasty: from the ideological basis,the poetics of the Qing Dynasty inherits the social concept of Confucianism,and re-standardizes poetics and society in the social order.In terms of subjective conditions,the poet’s subject consciousness awakened in the Qing Dynasty,which made the poetry of the Qing Dynasty more sensitive to the distance between poetry and poetry writing and academic culture,and pursued the space-time form of psychological perception.After the middle leaves,the subject’s awakening is better than before,and the pursuit of poetic art and its aesthetic meaning is therefore more proactive.From the theoretical form of poetics,poetry writing still takes time and space consciousness as the logical basis,and showing aesthetic characteristics of time and space.The poetic theory gradually presents a new trend of the integration of modern philosophical and poetic aesthetic forms,reflecting the transformation of traditional and modern.