Investigation And Research On National Identity, Ethnic Identity And Cultural Identity In Tibet And Xinjiang

Identification is a process to select an object of emotional attachment from parents,family,community,minzu and to the nation,extending from a person's self-areas to specific social groups.Minzu identity,national identity and cultural identity embody the identification in different areas.Minzu identity and national identity,which contains the composition of the culture,have natural attributes and political attributes.On the other hand,cultural identity which is a manifestation of the individual and social attributes plays the role of intermediary bridge between the minzu identity and the national identity.With the gradual development of the socialist market economic system and the acceleration process of internationalization and globalization,national identity,especially in the fr-ontier region of a multi-minzu country,become a pressing problem between different cultures and different values of the collision in the context of an increasingly diverse cultural concepts and values.Although the economy and society of the frontier region in China have developed rapidly,largely alleviated many social contradictions since the opening up,it does not necessarily bring the sociological sense long-term stability just by leaping and bounding in the pursuit economics sense."3.14" incident occurred in Tibet and in Xinjiang "7.5" incident are all wake-up calls for us.Putting Tibet and Xinjiang as a research location,this study attempts to using questionnaires to do the empirical research of national and minzu identity status,from various angles of the cultural,political,economic,religious,and living standards of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet and Xinjiang region,residents,public officials and student groups.Samples in this research cover all the prefecture-level administrative divisions of Tibet and Xinjiang regions,having 799 valid questionnaires in Tibet and 1082 questionnaires in Xinjiang.This article is taking shape on the basis of these data.Chapter one:Collate and analyze the empirical research of national identity and minzu identity.Finding in the published study about the national autonomous regions,the coverage of the sample size is quite small and does not cover the whole autonomous region.In addition,there still exists the lack of recognition of comparative analysis of the situation of social class identification except the juvenile.Chapter two:Define the concept of identity,minzu identity,national identity,cultural identity and related theoretical developments exhaustive combing.The discrimination of national identity,minzu identity and cultural identity among the relations lays the theoretical foundation for data analysisChapter three:Recognitions in the status of Tibet.The Zang minzu is the main ethnic in Tibet,although there have the higher the level of the minzu identity and ethnic relations mainstream,the level of understanding of the minzu culture and minzu identity of the respondents are significantly higher than the understanding of Chinese culture and national identity.the younger and higher education level,the stronger sense of national identity,the weaker sense of the minzu identity.Chapter four:Recognitions in the status of the Xinjiang region.There are significant differences in the minzu identity level between the Han minzu and the Uighur minzu,which are the majority people in Xinjiang.The level of the national identity is higher than the level of the minzu identity in Han minzu people,while the level of the minzu identity is higher than the level of national identity in the minority groups.Just as Tibet,Xinjiang's minzu identity level increases with age and the cultural level tendency,while the national identity in younger and cultural level of the higher groups shows a higher level.Chapter five:We have finished the comparative analysis of the identity status of Tibet,Xinjiang.On the national identity,people from different regions have a higher overall level of the country from the emotional and political are highly positive.But on the minzu identity,there is a differential pattern,looking for "the common denominator".On the cultural identity of Chinese,all of the minority people,especially farmers and herdsmen groups have lower level.The common factors in the recognition of the impact of factors in Tibet and Xinjiang are:the impact of the global culture,the lack of inclusiveness of the minzu culture,low employment rate in youth groups(especially minority youth),the slower social transformation,the international environment and the separatist forces outside interference.Meanwhile,the factors affecting the identity of Tibet,Xinjiangare are sort of different,like the different degree of minzu diversity.These factors need to be viewing and treating different in the constructing process of national identity of Tibet and Xinjiang.The national identity needs more attention and maintenance to remain firm under the impact of globalization and information technology.In this process,the cultural identity of the "Unity of Pluralistic Society of Chinese" is the cornerstone of minzu equality,the religious freedom policy is the security,the national urbanization and modernization are the means,the opening cultural environment and the mentality is the catalyst.Our ultimate goal is to strengthen the minzu unity,promote the minzu integration and achieve the great rejuvenation of China.