Research On The Classification Of Educational Staff Positions In Chinese Universities

The positions classification of university educational staff is one kind of personnel management work which is based on the duties,responsibilities,powers,and work nature of the educational staff,and within which the same items in university management,assistance,and services are grouped together,each group is classified,and the common characteristics of each group are recognized,meanwhile differences between groups are being distinguished,and groups are separated into individual 'class'.Position classification is the basis of personnel management.The educational staff is the main body of the administration and service system in the"administrative-academic" organizational structure of the university.It has a crucial influence on the effective operation of the university and the improvement of university educational benefits.The classification of educational staff positions contributes to the formation of a good university position structure and operating mechanism.With the development of higher education in China,the functions of the university have increased,and there have been more and more affairs in university management,assistance,and services.The degree of industrialization has also become higher and higher,and the professional development of university educational staff has become more pronounced.Especially in the era of popularization of higher education,the scale of universities has expanded,and the personnel system of universities has become larger.Accordingly,some problems have emerged.For example,the expansion of administrative institutions in universities,the overstaffing of educational staff,the low efficiency of running schools,setting the position deliberately for someone,etc.Therefore,the classification of university educational staff positions is even more important.Higher Education Law of the People's Republic of China promulgated in 1998 stipulated that "implementing a staff system on institutional administration and service personnel",which has started the process of transforming the management of educational staff from a unified cadre-identity management mode to a position management model.Position classification is the main development path for educational staff position management.Guiding Opinions on the Management of Posts in Colleges and Universities promulgated in 2007 provided specific stipulations on the classification of educational staff positions,including the category,grade level,qualifications,etc.Many policies,regulations and documents promulgated afterwards have repeatedly emphasized the concept of classified management of educational staff positions and improved the system of remuneration and distribution in the educational staff position classification system.The educational staff position classification system and its practice have been in place for 20 years(1998 to now).However,the classification of educational staff positions is not yet mature,and the degree of professionalization of the classification is not high,which greatly restricts the professionalization of the educational staff.Researchers seldom pay attention to the classification of educational staff positions.They have few theoretical results and weak theoretical foundations,and they lack guidance and practice.Therefore,it is one of the most important topics for university personnel management administrators and researchers to carry out in-depth theoretical research on the classification of educational staff positions and to reasonably analyze and evaluate the practice of position classification.This thesis adopts literature research methods,interview methods,questionnaire survey methods,comparative research methods,and case study methods.Based on the position classification theory,this thesis sorts out and summarizes the university educational staff position classification system and its practical experience and achievements,and analyzes the problems in the subject,concept,structure,and technology of the classification of staff positions in China's university education.It also draws lessons from the experience of the classification of university educational staff positions in the United States,and puts forward an optimization strategy for the classification of educational staff positions from four aspects aiming at the problems existing in the classification management of university educational staff positions in China.This thesis is divided into three parts:introduction,text and conclusion.The first chapter is introduction.First of all,we state the origin of the topic"Classification of China's university educational staff positions",namely the origin of the theory,the origin of the system,and the origin of reality.Secondly,it is pointed out that the classification of educational staff positions has certain practical and theoretical significance.Thirdly,we systematically clarified the theory and practice of domestic and foreign scholars on the connotation and extension of position classification,the theory of position classification,and the technical methods of position classification.The topics for the research on university position classification in China include the educational staff system and its implementation,position placement and classification management,the organizational structure of university administration,and professional development of professionalization of educational staff.Finally,on the basis of the analysis of the literature,this paper proposes the analysis of the current status and problems of the classification of university educational staff positions in China from three aspects of concept,structure and technology,and proposes relevant countermeasures.The second chapter is the definition of core concepts and theoretical basis analysis.This chapter conducts an in-depth analysis of the three cores of educational staff,position classification,and position management,defining the connotation and extension of the three concepts.This article takes the theory of position classification as the theoretical basis of the research.The position classification is contrary to the grade classification.The position classification is the event-centered classification system.The division of posts is standardized,and there are strict procedures with horizontal and vertical classification ways.The content of position classification is to establish a reasonable logical relationship between work,people,and qualifications.The position classification includes horizontal structure and vertical direction.The horizontal structure of position classification divides the position into several positions,categories and grades according to the nature and characteristics of the jobs or tasks contained in the position.The vertical structure of the position classification is based on the number of jobs or tasks and the size of the job responsibilities and divides the position into several ranks.The methods of position classification include generalized methods and comprehensive methods.The third chapter is the change of the classification system of university educational staff positions in China.This chapter reviews the various systems of educational staff management since the founding of the People's Republic of China and the process of its reform.It also reveals that position classification is the main development path for educational staff positions management.Through the analysis of the pattern of changes in the educational staff position classification system,we pointed out the Chinese government's efforts and role in promoting the classification reform of educational staff positions.The influencing factors of the educational staff position classification system,that is,its motive mechanism,include external political and economic factors,internal higher education development factors,cognitive of classification theory,experience of foreign universities,and so on.These factors work together to form the dynamic mechanism for the change of educational staff position classification system.The fourth chapter is a reflection on the current status and problems of the classification of university educational staff positions in China.The state has promoted the development of the classification of university educational staff positions,but the practice of university position classification is not satisfactory.In this chapter,according to the theory of satisfaction,a position satisfaction survey questionnaire composed of 18 secondary indicators including three primary indicators(position classification structure,position classification activities,and job satisfaction)was compiled.Questionnaires and interviews were used to find out the current status and problems of the educational staff position classification,and the influence factors of educational staff on university position classification structure,position classification activities and job satisfaction were analyzed.In short,there are certain problems in the concept,structure and technology of China's university educational staff positions.The fifth chapter is the experience and enlightenment of American university position classification.This chapter takes Harvard University and University of Maryland as examples to analyze the characteristics of US university position classification from the aspects of system's content,classification structure,subject qualifications and responsibilities of classification personnel,and points out the problems and responses encountered in US university position classification.The experience of US university position classification provides many valuable experiences and lessons for the classification of university educational staff positions in China.The experience of American university position classification shows that position classification is an effective personnel management system and method.but there are also certain problems in itself.The classification of educational staff positions needs to further improve their professionalization level,and the mode of position classification has a strict sense of classification to position-a mixed model of grade classification development,which means that there is a need to reshape concepts and technologies in educational staff position classification.The sixth chapter is the path to the optimization of university educational staff positions in China.At present,one of the tasks of university personnel management reform is to "fully deepen the reform of university educational staff system".This means that the management of educational staff positions and their reforms move from the macro and extensive personnel management to the microscopic and refined management,and the main body to complete this work is the university and its personnel management staff.A group of people with professional qualities can,based on a reasonable system and in accordance with a certain process,establish a reasonable structure for the classification of university positions,so that the university can form an effective operation mechanism and a reasonable management and service organizational structure.Therefore,there are four paths for optimizing the management of university educational staff positions:(1)Promoting the professional development of university educational staff position management;(2)Establish a continuing university educational staff position classification project;(3)Optimize the structure of university educational staff position classification;(4)Improve the allocation structure of university educational staff positions.