A Study On The Executive Behavior Of Basketball Referees In China

With the concrete reform of China Basketball Association(hereinafter referred to as "China Basketball Association"),basketball referee management has once again become the focus of attention of China Basketball Association and society.As an important part of basketball referee management,the norm of adjudication behavior is not only the key point but also the difficulty.In particular,due to the changes of the characteristics of the current basketball match,the realization of the goal of basketball match adjudication,the atmosphere of basketball match violence tendency,the operation mode of basketball game marketization,the development need of basketball match internationalization,it is urgent to strengthen,standardize,manage,innovate and manage the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country.To solve these problems,it is necessary not only to have a comprehensive understanding of the history,connotation,characteristics and standards of basketball refereesundefined adjudication behavior from the perspective of historical form,circle culture and cultural interaction,but also to standardize and coordinate them from the perspective of development and the international perspective.Based on this,by using the methods of literature,expert interview,questionnaire survey,field investigation,case analysis,mathematical statistics and logical analysis,this paper systematically expounds the basic connotation,content,classification and characteristics of the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country on the basis of combing the development course of basketball referees in our country,and on this basis,constructs the evaluation index system of the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country.This paper also makes a scientific and systematic examination of the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in China,and puts forward the path of governance in view of its shortcomings.The research shows that:(1)the development history of basketball referees in our country has gone through five stages: germination period(1895-1909),disorder period(1910-1949),exploration period(1950-1977),normative period(1978-2016)and new period(2017-present),showing the five structural characteristics of the five circles,which are the beginning of the central level,the disorderly growth of the second level,the exploration and development of the intermediate level,the normative requirements of the fourth level,and the comprehensive promotion of the peripheral level.Three patterns of regional difference order,grade difference order and male and female difference order have been formed.The evolution of refereeundefineds development pattern embodies the characteristics of regional,hierarchical and gender differences of refereeing behavior,which restricts and influences the development of refereeing behavior in China.(2)The role of basketball referees in the competition of our country presents the characteristics of pluralistic fusion,which is mainly manifested as the marshal of basketball field,the organizer of basketball match,the manager of basketball game,the communicator of basketball culture,the guide of excellent player and the contestant of the third dimension.The role characteristics of the pluralistic integration of referees have a profound impact on the connotation of their adjudication behavior,which is mainly embodied in that justice is the essential attribute of basketball refereesundefined adjudication behavior,accuracy is the core requirement of basketball refereesundefined adjudication behavior,sublation is the value orientation of basketball refereesundefined adjudication behavior,guarantee is the basic responsibility of basketball refereesundefined adjudication behavior,and the yardstick is the discretion criterion of basketball refereesundefined adjudication behavior.(3)Based on the theory of symbolic interaction,this paper analyzes the contents of the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in China,including symbolized referee Noumenon,adjudication speech,body movements,facial expressions and the sound of referee whistles.According to the content of refereeundefineds adjudication behavior,this paper classifies the adjudication behavior from the point of view of normal distribution,including negative adjudication behavior,acceptable adjudication behavior and positive adjudication behavior,and classifies the adjudication behavior from the point of view of form of expression,including spontaneous adjudication behavior and written adjudication behavior.Combined with the content and classification of referee adjudication behavior,it is considered that the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country has six characteristics: creativity,timeliness,intuition,independence,cooperation and limitation.(4)The structure model of basketball referees' execution behavior in our country consists of five parts:referee symbol ontology index,referee limb movement index,referee facial expression index,referee execution speech index and referee execution whistle index.Our basketball referee's referee's referee behavior index model is y=(0.279*referee symbol ontology index)+(0.214*referee's body movement index)+(0.184*referee's facial expression index)+(0.166*referee's verbal index)+(0.157*referee's whistle index).(5)By using the index system of adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country,this paper tests and analyzes the realistic situation of the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country,and holds that the overall level of adjudicative behavior of basketball referees in our country is basically at the middle level,and the level of referees in symbol ontology index,limb movement index is generally higher,and the level of adjudication speech index,facial expression index and sentinel index is generally low.The causes of this phenomenon include the lack of cognitive concept,the difficulty of coordination among management subjects,and the imperfect governance mechanism.(6)The adjudication behavior of referees in our country is restricted and influenced by many stakeholders,which determines that the governance of the adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country must take the path of coordination.Specifically,it can be realized by promoting the concept of coordinated governance of adjudication behavior of basketball referees in our country,perfecting the cooperative governance system of adjudicative behavior of basketball referees in our country,and optimizing the cooperative governance mechanism of adjudicative behavior of basketball referees in our country.