From "Useful Tools" To "Emancipating The Soul"

Martha Craven Nussbaum,a famous American philosopher and educationist,emphasizes the educational model of cultural pluralism,especially the democracy of education.Nussbaum's critique of utilitarian education is inspired by the educational thoughts of some democratic educators.On this basis,it analyzes the current situation of American education and some countries in the world,and gradually realizes the harm of utilitarian education which lacks rational judgment and compassion.It also criticizes the "economic growth oriented" American educational development model,and puts forward educational reform proposals to the world,aiming to cultivate democratic citizens with critical power,imagination and compassion.Instead of focusing on cultivating those who "only accept technical training,have no doubt about authority,and fully obey" and "capable but sluggish,no thinking and thinking tools to make money".We should abandon the educational concept of "profit orientation" and provide a new educational model for the world's educational reform.So she drew lessons from the traditional education thought and put forward the theory of "super utility education".But her criticism of the reality of global education is not to destroy the existing education completely,but to advocate the creative reform of education.She hopes to find out the disadvantages of education through the analysis of national education under different systems,so as to restore the status of Humanities and Social Sciences,construct a modern education concept of "super utility" from "useful tool" to "soul liberation",truly liberate the "soul" of human nature,and realize the purpose of non utility education.Although Nussbaum's super utilitarian education thought is reasonable to some extent,it is based on the capitalist ideology and serves for the ideological education of her country.This can't adapt to the mainstream ideology of our country,even against the socialist ideology,and has a qualitative difference with the educational goal of "Building Morality and cultivating people" and the goal of "casting soul and educating people" of Ideological and political education.After analyzing Nussbaum's basic point of view on super utility education,this paper focuses on the value of Marxism education theory,and criticizes the ideology of Marxism theory.It is the mainstream ideological education guided by Marxist theory,which has scientific rationality and value rationality.The reason why ideological and political education has scientific rationality and value rationality is that ideological and political education not only has "instrumental rationality" and "value rationality";it is also the combination of "mature" education and "adult" education;and it deeply dissects the essential difference between Nussbaum's "cultivating human nature" of "liberating soul" and ideological and political education's "casting soul and educating people" Analysis,qualitative,and draw conclusions.This paper is divided into six chapters,as follows:The first chapter is the introduction.In the chapter of introduction,it mainly discusses the background and significance of the research,the research review at home and abroad,the research ideas and methods,as well as the innovation and shortcomings.For the overall writing of the article to prepare materials and theoretical support.The second chapter is about the practical state of utilitarian education in the West.Based on this,the author first analyzes the concept of utilitarian and utilitarian education;secondly,explains the historical background and theoretical premise of Western utilitarian education;finally,after combing the historical and theoretical clues,it is not difficult to find that Western utilitarian education has entered into a certain practical deviation,which leads to a certain negative impact.The third chapter is the generation of utilitarian education of Baum's "emancipating the soul".In this chapter,firstly,it explains the background of Nussbaum's super utilitarian education;secondly,it traces back to the theory of cultivating individual critical thinking,compassion and imagination;finally,it finds out the logic of Nussbaum's super utilitarian education to reality.The fourth chapter is the core of Nussbaum's ultra utilitarian education.This chapter is the key chapter of the full text,which focuses on Nussbaum's rational criticism of utilitarian education thought,appeals to the theoretical connotation of Nussbaum's ultra utilitarian education thought,and puts forward the practical principles of Nussbaum's ultra utilitarian education thought.The fifth chapter is the evaluation of Nussbaum's ultra utilitarian education thought and Marxist criticism.In this chapter,we will illustrate and analyze the rationality and limitations of Nussbaum's ultra utilitarian education theory,and criticize its theoretical value based on the Marxist perspective,so as to make theoretical preparation for revealing the advantages of Ideological and political education.The sixth chapter is about the value of Ideological and political education of Chinese Nussbaum's super utilitarian education.Although Nusa's super utilitarian educational thought has certain educational advanced nature,there still exist the limitation of bourgeois ideology.In this chapter,we must understand why China's ideological and political education can maintain its scientific and advanced nature.Explain whether ideological and political education is "instrumental rationality" or "value rationality" ? Is it "adult education" or "adult education" ? What is the difference between Nussbaum's "soul liberation" and ideological and political education's "soul cultivation" ?...