| In this work, we investigate the manner in which allelopathy and single-nutrient competition affect the dynamics of a non-toxic phytoplankton and a toxic phytoplankton under the influence of nutrient recycling and predation by herbivorous zooplankton in a chemostat environment. Here, allelopathy is defined as the effect of one plant (including micro-organisms) on the growth of another plant through the release of chemical compounds into the environment [89]. We provide conditions for boundedness of solutions, existence and stability of non-negative equilibria, ecological interpretations of stability results, and numerical simulations. In the absence of phytotoxic effects and nutrient recycling, we prove that our model exhibits uniform persistence. We also show that the incorporation of the effect of nutrient recycling in our main model does not impact the qualitative dynamics, only the parameter values at which transitions take place. The removal rates of species are different and we use general uptake functions. |
