Ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity in nylon 11 films with different draw ratios

ylon 11 was melted at 210;The melt-quenched undrawn and uniaxially drawn nylon 11 films with draw ratios from 1.5:1 to 3.5:1 all exhibited ferroelectric response. The remanant polarization ;Upon uniaxially drawing the films to a draw ratio 3.5:1 from the undrawn, the glass transition temperature, ;Upon absorbing moisture from the environment, both the glass transition temperature and the piezoelectric transition temperature decreased from ;The electromechanical coupling coefficient,...