Thermal Adaptation Behavior And Thermal Comfort Zone For Chinese Resident

The thesis has summarized research status of thermal comfort at home and abroad from the perspectives of research and recognition process of its affecting factors, stable and dynamic thermal comfort theory, research status in the dynamic environment and giant analysis database of thermal comfort.etc, and gave a comprehensive analysis and introduction of dynamic thermal comfort theory from the concept of hot stress and thermal sensation, process of human's physiological and psychological reaction respond to the environment, thermal equilibrium model, thermal responding model as well as adaptation theory. According to the dynamic thermal adaptation theory, this thesis also introduces monitoring contents, equipments and detection methods of field test, as well as questionnaire design, implementation and quality control, data processing and inspection, etc.The author conducted field investigation on residents'thermal comfort in nine typical cities - Chongqing, Wuhan, Chengdu, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Kunming, Shenyang and Harbin and Xian, totally obtained 18513 cases throughout five climate zones. The effective cases of each question account for 97.8%-101.5%. The number of cases in each city is more than 128 per month. Indoor and outdoor environments investigated have covered environmental range of all cities. 75.7% of hot-humid sensation votes are in acceptable range in each city; it demonstrates the high acceptable rate of residential hot-humid environment in nine cities and well environment condition.Using giant analysis method, this thesis finally obtains residential indoor ventilated adaptation model throughout the country based on analysis of both residents'windowing behaviors as well as ventilated effect in our country and researches distribution characteristics of draught sensation. The residents'windowing frequency is related to seasonal temperature changes and has the very strong ventilation desire with a normal state of window-open. In the morning, it is usually highest while in the evening it's influenced by seasons, hot summer and cold winter area > mild area > hot summer and warm winter area > the north cold area. From the point of the effect of indoor ventilation, either for a whole year or a single month indoor air velocity is mainly lower than 0.1 m/s or 0.2 m/s; it is affected significantly by seasons, velocity higher than 0.8 appeares in the months with high outdoor temperature. Monthly average air velocity is less than 0.1 m/s, 0.2 m/s, 0.4 m/s, 0.7 m/s and 1.2 m/s in Kunming, Harbin and Xian, hot summer and cold winter area, Fuzhou and Guangzhou, respectively; it's distributed in“falls V”type in hot summer and warm winter zone as well as hot summer and cold winter zone, however, the former is more than the latter.Researches on the influence of residents'clothing thermal insulation and its mode on thermal sensation indicates adaptive mode of clothing insulation in all parts of country. Clothing thermal insulation in northern cities and Wuhan is mainly affected by outdoor temperature, while that in the rest southern cities is mainly influenced by indoor temperature. Sensitivity of clothing thermal insulation to temperature is 0.06 clo/?in Chongqing, Chengdu and Fuzhou, while it is only 0.02 ~ 0.03 clo/?in Guangzhou and Kunming with small individual difference, the sensitivity is also low but with great individual differences in cold zone. It can conclude that adjustment ability of clothing thermal insulation on residents'thermal comfort is limited in Guangzhou and Kunming, but it is the main means in other cities. The whole trend, the thermal sensation rises as the clothing insulation increases, in Chongqing, Wuhan, Chengdu, Fuzhou and Kunming shows that clothing insulation is main factor of thermal sensation, but difference between corresponding mean clothing thermal insulation of adjacent thermal sensation is not significant. The order of sensitivity of the expected clothing insulation to indoor temperature is as follows, Chongqing and Chengdu > Fuzhou > Wuhan > Kunming > Guangzhou. In addition, the expected clothing insulation maintains 0.27clo when indoor air temperature is 30?in Chongqing, Wuhan, Chengdu, Fuzhou and Guangzhou, suggesting that there is no clothing adaptive behavior when residents are under formal clothes.Finally, in China, indoor ventilation and clothing insulation adjustment are the main means of residents'thermal comfort adaptive behaviors, but the latter is not the common means in European and American areas. Comparative results of comfort equation and bandwidth of acceptable area shows the method of constructing comfort zone under free-running environment used by Humphreys and Dear De.etc does not apply to China. Thus this thesis puts forward method of comfort zone in residential buildings under free-running environment according to characteristics of residents'daily adjustment.