| Habitat quality is a reflection of biodiversity and an important indicator of ecological environment quality.Assessment of the change of regional habitat quality led by tourism will give impetus to ecological civilization construction of tourism destination in China,since tourism has become one of the main models to boost economic development.Tourism destination is a typical area of human-land interaction.Using remote sensing and information technology to effectively identify the spatial and temporal evolution characteristic and reveal the evolution mechanism of habitat quality in tourism destination is helpful to understand the spatial change of habitat quality in tourism destination with the development of tourism.It is a new perspective for the ecological environment visualization research in tourism destination,and is of great significance to guarantee the ecological security and sustainable development of tourism destination.According to the research framework of “theoretical analysis-model construction-spatiotemporal characteristic recognition-evolution mechanism analysis-regulatory path proposal”,with the help of GIS,RS and other technologies,the evolution of habitat quality in tourism destination has been systematically studied in this paper by using remote sensing images,meteorology,statistical yearbook,big data and other data,integrating In VEST model,meteorology-vegetation model,GIS spatial analysis,geographic detector,nonlinear regression analysis,minimum cumulative resistance model and other methods,taking Huangshan City,a typical tourism destination,as the case.Based on the literature review,this paper developed a habitat quality assessment model and divided the time and space analysis units,meanwhile,summarized the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of habitat quality in different tourism activity densities,furthermore,discussed the relationship between habitat quality and tourism activities,and revealed the evolution mechanism of habitat quality,at last,proposed a way to regulate and control habitat quality in different regions.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The model composed of NPP and NDVI can make up for the deficiency of coefficient setting in the Habitat Quality Module of In VEST.The revised model has better applicability in sample areas dominated by mountain forests,which can optimize the spatial difference of the same habitat in providing habitat capacity and the direction of habitat quality change.(2)The evolution characteristics of habitat quality in different tourism activity density areas in Huangshan City are different.During the study period,the tourism development of Huangshan City can be divided into three stages: full participation,industrial development and upgrading,and industrial integration development,and three areas: core area,transition area,and fringe area.The change of habitat quality in the core area has a strong regularity and shows a downward trend in different years.The spatial correlation of the core area’s habitat quality has been continuously enhanced,and it is the main distribution area of habitat quality cold spots.The accumulation range of cold spots is reduced and the diffusion direction is stable.The change pattern of habitat quality in transitional zone and marginal zone is not obvious,but the spatial correlation is weakened after oscillation.They are the main distribution areas of habitat quality hotspots,the hotspots change direction is unstable and the distribution is discrete.In general,on the one hand,the range of low-level habitats is expanding in the core area,but the concentration is getting higher and higher.On the other hand,the high-level habitats are increasing in the transitional and marginal areas,but the fragmentation is also increasing.(3)The habitat quality in Huangshan City is affected by multiple factors of nature and humanity,and tourism activities in the core area have an important impact on the habitat quality.The natural factors are the basic factors that determine the spatial pattern of habitat quality,and the stage characteristics are not obvious,while the human factors are the main driving factors for the evolution of habitat quality pattern,with obvious stage characteristics,that is the faster the socio-economic development,the stronger the influence of the human factors on habitat quality.Habitat quality in the core area is affected by multiple natural and human factors with obvious stage characteristics,while it is mainly dominated by natural factors and population density and traffic in the transition zone,and in marginal areas is affected by natural factors and population density.The impact of tourism activities on habitat quality is mainly concentrated in the core area and within 20 km from the center of the scenic spot,when tourism elements are combined with topography,traffic and other factors,the impact on habitat quality will be greatly enhanced.(4)The spatial practice under the three-tier dynamics drives the production of space and habitat quality evolution in Huangshan City.The dynamic mechanism that promotes the production of space and the evolution of habitat quality in Huangshan City is the double vitality formed by tourism activities and residents’ activities,the three driving forces composed of market forces,government forces and social forces,and the four major elements composed of transportation,tourism,topography and politics.Driven by the dynamic system,the main body of spatial practice composed of the government,developers,residents,tourists,etc.,under the influence of the representation of space such as urban planning and tourism planning as well as representational space such as Huizhou culture,has carried out the production of modern space,the reproduction of tourism space and the production of spatial connection channel,thus changing the pattern of habitat quality.(5)The ecological security pattern is the basis of habitat quality regionalization in Huangshan City.Taking habitat quality as the main index,the ecological security pattern was constructed based on "source-resistance surface-corridor".According to the ecological security pattern,habitat quality regulation can be carried out from the perspectives of land use conflict regulation,corridor restoration,tourism development zoning optimization,etc.The contribution of this research mainly includes three aspects:(1)A model composed of NPP and NDVI is proposed to improve the defects of coefficient setting in In VEST habitat quality module,which supplements the method system of habitat quality assessment of tourism destination.(2)By innovatively applying the improved model based on In VEST habitat quality module to tourism destination,the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics,influencing factors,mechanisms and regulatory pathways of habitat quality are systematically studied in this paper.It is helpful to enrich the area and content of habitat quality research.(3)Based on the spatial production theory,the evolution process of habitat quality is explained,which provides a new perspective for the analysis of the evolution mechanism of habitat quality in tourism destination. |
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