| Compared with physical capital,human capital accumulation and stock are considered to be an important driving force for economic growth,which has an important influence on the economic development of various countries,and health investment plays a fundamental role in human capital investment.Among the intervention programs that promote the promotion of human capital,investment in student health deserves the most attention.Nowadays,a large number of studies have focused on the importance of student health,and various intervention programs have been developed,but few studies have focused on the relationship between student’s vision health and human capital accumulation.However,according to the World Health Organization（WHO）research report pointed out that visual impairment will cause serious harm and burden on human development and social and economic development.We pay special attention to the myopia problem of students in rural areas,because the problem of vision health in children and adolescents is common in western,central or eastern rural areas of China.What is more serious is that the vision healthcare uptake for rural students is still low.That is even if students or their parents are informed that students may have vision problems,and under the premise of providing transportation subsidies,free examinations and free eyeglasses,more than 31.2%%-68.7%of students still fail to get vision healthcare uptake in time to the designated location vision center.That will have badly effect on the current and future human capital accumulation in rural areas.Therefore,the overall goal of this article is to provide reference value for the country’s future development of health consultation work and health investment policies to enhance the accumulation of human capital of rural students by analyzing the factors affecting the vision healthcare uptake for rural students and the improvement path.This article includes the following three specific goals:First,to understand the relevant factors affecting the vision healthcare uptake for rural students under the vision center model（an innovative model for providing vision healthcare services to students in rural county-level areas）;Second,to find out the impact of the one-time eyeglasses subsidy provided in the student’s long-term uptake rate of vision healthcare.As an empirical commodity,the free trial of the empirical commodity has an impact on the long-term uptake rate of vision healthcare for rural students,and provides useful research results for future exploration of intervention programs to solve the problem of the uptake of vision healthcare for rural students;Third,to evaluate the impact of teacher incentive intervention on the uptake rate of rural students’ vision healthcare,and to provide a scientific impact evaluation result reference for the future to enhance the accumulation of human capital in rural areas and solve the problem of rural students’ vision health.Aiming at the problem of low uptake of vision healthcare services for rural students,in order to achieve the above goals,this paper conducts two large-sample data surveys and a random control treatment（RCTs）.The main research content includes three parts:First,analyzing the factors affecting the uptake rate of vision healthcare for rural students;Second,analyzing the impact of providing a one-time eyeglasses subsidy in the short term（first round）on the uptake rate of long-term（second round）students’vision healthcare;Third,analyzing the impact of teacher incentive intervention on the uptake of rural students’ vision health services.The survey samples in this article included 12,896 primary and middle school students from 100 schools in 3 counties in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.In view of the above three research objectives and content,the research methods used in this article include multiple regression analysis（ordinary least squares,OLS）method and random control treatment method.The multiple regression analysis method is used in this article to analyze the relevant factors that affect the uptake rate of rural students’ vision healthcare and analyze the short-term（first round）provision of one-time eyeglasses subsidies for students’ long-term（second round）vision healthcare uptake.Through the use of random control treatment in experimental economics,the endogenous problem can be effectively overcome.This article focuses on evaluating the impact of random control treatment with teacher incentives on the uptake of rural students’ vision health services.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,in response to the low uptake rate of vision healthcare for rural students,the county-level vision center model that solves rural students’ vision problems has significantly improved the sample students’ access to vision healthcare services by providing eyeglasses subsidies.The sample students who provided eyeglasses subsidies were 44.1%more likely to access vision healthcare than the sample students who did not provide eyeglasses subsidies.In addition,under the control of other variables,students who are older and have worse eye and vision conditions,students who live on campus,students who are closer and who provide eyeglasses subsidies are more likely to receive uptake healthcare services.Second,providing eyeglasses subsidies in the first round has promoted the possibility of rural students’ long-term access to vision healthcare services.The regression results show that compared with the students who did not provide eyeglasses subsidies in the first round,the students who provided eyeglasses subsidies in the first round are 8.7%more likely to visit the vision center for a long time;In addition,regardless of whether eyeglasses are provided in the first round after the first round of vision screening,when the students go to the vision center,the probability of their second round of vision healthcare uptake is more than 75%,and after the first round of eyeglasses subsidy,the possibility of long-term vision healthcare uptake for students without eyeglasses and the 50%of students whose families are farthest from the county seat is more likely.Third,carrying out teacher incentive intervention can significantly improve the uptake rate of vision healthcare for rural students.The results of descriptive analysis showed that the uptake rate of vision healthcare in the treatment group（with teacher incentive intervention）and the control group（without teacher incentive intervention）were 23.2%and 10.9%respectively.The regression results showed that the intervention group had significantly higher vision healthcare uptake rates than the control group 8.7 percentage points,and teacher incentive intervention has the same effect on improving the uptake rate of vision healthcare for primary and middle school students.In addition,we also found that teachers’ support for myopia students to wear eyeglasses is significantly related to the uptake rate of vision healthcare for junior high school students.Based on the above research conclusions,this article proposes the following policy recommendations:First,in the process of human capital accumulation,more attention should be paid to the visual health problems of primary and secondary schools.In particular,the low uptake rate of vision healthcare that is common in rural areas requires special attention to younger students,students with mild visual impairment,and relatively disadvantaged groups that are farther away.Second,the education department should regularly deploy and carry out in-school vision screening and referral work for primary and middle school students.To accurately know the visual health and visual changes of students,teachers should actively guide students who have already suffered from visual problems to medical institutions for examination and correction as soon as possible accompanied by their parents.Third,strengthen school hygiene and health education,and improve the awareness and ability of children and adolescents to care about and protect eyes.Through teachers’ mufti-faceted propaganda and education on vision health,students and their parents’ awareness of prevention and control of myopia should be raised,and primary and middle school students should be guided to actively pay attention to their own vision changes.Parents and teachers should be notified in time when they feel that their vision changes significantly.And actively carry out inspections and treatment.Fourth,improve the rural myopia prevention and control and medical service guarantee system,financially support the work of improving myopia in rural areas,and focus on promoting the pilot work of a one-time eyeglasses subsidy for rural students. |
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