The Internal Logic Of Marxist Human Emancipation Thought

The Marxist human emancipation thought,aimed to discover,to know,to acknowledge and to emancipate humankind and to guide the working class and the masses in the pursuit of development and emancipation by means of criticism,construction and revolution,was formed by criticizing and absorbing outstanding intellectual and cultural heritage of remarkable predecessors and by working with the working class,analyzing the alienation under capitalism,revealing the nature of capitalism and exploring the law of social evolution.The thought of human emancipation is a thread running through the whole development of Marx’s thought which has been integrated into all aspects and the whole system of Marx’s thought from the beginning to the end.On the whole,it is based on the starting point of Marxist philosophy research: people in the concrete world.It also employs political economy to criticize and test,and ends up in the direction of scientific socialism.Human emancipation runs through the whole system of Marxism,including the starting point,purpose and final end.In this sense,human liberation is the gist and essence of all Marx’s thoughts.A study of the inner logic of Marx’s liberation thought sheds light on an insightful understanding of why Marx put human as the end and goal,and on the direction and way of the development of human society.This thesis employs dialectical materialism and historical materialism as the analytical tool,adopts the research method of integrating logic and history,and constructs the structure of this paper from the three dimensions of history,theory and reality.It systematically combs and explores the historical evolution,logical starting point,main content,executor,social space and contemporary value of Marx’s human emancipation thought.Based on a survey of the historical background,formation and development of Marx’s human emancipation thought,this paper takes the real individual as the logical starting point,and combs the levels and content of the real individual emancipation;it expounds the main contents of human liberation,and explores the dialectical unified process of human liberation from political liberation,economic liberation,labor liberation to self-liberation;it defines the proletariat as the main body of the realization of the human liberation and analyzes the historical mission,class quality and realistic conditions of the proletariat;it probes into the community social space of human liberation,and examines the varied basic ways of human survival in the process of human social development;it also explores the application and significance of human emancipation thought in today’s society.Combining history with logic,this paper systematically combs and deeply analyzes the internal logic of Marx’s human emancipation thought,and is structured in six parts.The first part investigates the development and evolution of Marx’s human emancipation thought,and explores its historical background,theoretical resources and certain development process.It expounds the social background of Marx’s human emancipation---the intensification of the internal contradictions of capitalism,and its theoretical foundation.Marx’s thought of human emancipation has gone through different stages of the development of understanding of human emancipation,including the stages of emergence,formation and development.These provide theoretical guidance for human development.The second part expounds the logical starting point of Marx’s human liberation thought: realistic man.Based on a scientific grasp of the reality of human and its essence,this paper expounds the different liberation stages of realistic human,that is,the different levels of liberation in terms of class,community and individual,as well as the specific content of the liberation of realistic man,which includes development,enrichment and perfection of labor ability,social relations,personality,etc.The third part explains the main content of human liberation.Human liberation is widely comprised of political liberation,economic liberation and labor liberation,which is liberation from the control of natural forces,from the control of social relations,and from the bondage of human beings themselves.At the same time,human liberation is a dialectical developmental process,which is the process of the individual and the whole,the unification of stage and continuity and the unification of progressiveness and tortuousness.The fourth part expounds the realistic road of human liberation: the proletariat,the main force of human liberation.It believes based on analysis that its own quality,realistic conditions and ultimate goal are closely related to human liberation,and realizing human liberation is the historical mission of the proletariat.Only under the correct leadership of the proletarian political party,can we vigorously develop the productive forces,realize universal communication,eliminate private ownership and classes and realize the goal of human liberation through the proletarian revolution and dominion.The fifth part further investigates the real man and its history and the social space of human liberation,that is,the community---the most basic way of human survival and the basis of individual reality.This part discusses the structure and overall system of natural community,abstract community,illusory community and real community that human liberation goes through,and expounds that community is the collection of human beings.Marx’s community thought takes the "real people" who are directly or indirectly engaged in the production of material products,and are in a certain social relationship as the logical starting point,and takes "the free and comprehensive development of human beings" as the logical ending point and believes the real and complete realization of human liberation materializes in the form of "union of free men".The sixth part states the contemporary value of human emancipation thought.Marx’s human emancipation thought is of great significance and value for all-round development,the construction of a community of shared destiny and the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.This thesis,taking the historical evolution of Marx’s human emancipation thought as the vertical axis,and the development and evolution of the community as the social space of human emancipation,explores the historical context of the community as the living space.Taking the basic content of Marx’s human emancipation thought as the horizontal axis,and as the focus of this study,and the confusion faced by contemporary people’s free and all-round development and China’s actual national conditions as the realistic basis,this paper studies Marx’s human emancipation thought and its contemporary value,reveals the internal logic and practical significance of human emancipation thought,and shows the science,popularity,integrity and consistency of Marx’s human emancipation thought.