The Physical Fitness Test Index System Of Children And Adolesence In Shanghai Initial Establishment And Application

Objective: The overall decline in youth fitness level has become the focus of public health concern. The key to adolescent physical fitness enhancement is to be breakthrough of key technologies . This study was designed scientific proof and tests, from health-related physical fitness of the four aspects of screening children and adolescents with physical fitness evaluation index system; New measurement and evaluation index system to meet the " Validity and Reliability and Objectivity" principles of the test set as closely as possible indicators international standards, Not only understanding the physical fitness of students in Shanghai at the same time, but also comparating physical fitness level of the international of children and adolescents.Methods: Through literature and expert interviews initially established evaluation indicators of children body composition, aerobic endurance, strength and endurance, flexibility. Data analysis, experimental test results verify if the indicators is to meet the " validity and reliability and objectivity" of the principle requirements ,added or deleted indicators based on the results of research. The survey of stratified random cluster sampling method. and 5019 Samples to participate in the project of physical fitness test come form Minhang, Xuhui, Zhabei, Luwan, Fengxian and Pudong six districts 7-17 year-old at primary and secondary students in Shanghai. traditional indicators measure meathod in the light of National Physical Fitness Test Standards, But some of the new evaluation index system in accordance with Fitnessgram Standards, by specially trained staff to complete the test.Results:(1). At the same time application skinfold thickness method, bioelectrical impedance analysis and body mass index understanding children and adolescents body composition. Applied 20 meter shuttle run test understanding children and adolescents aerobic capacity ; Applied curl-up and trunk extension test measurement understanding children and adolescents with muscular strength and endurance; leg sit and reach measurement children and adolescents leg muscles after stretching and flexibility of the evaluation index, updated assessment of traditional indicators of youth system.(2). The results of the measured data conducted percentile statistical modeli by sex and age, such as P3, P10, P25,P35,P50, P65,P75, P90 ,P95and P97 . But conducted the individual scoring criteria related indicators on the basis of 7 - 17-year-old boys and girls body composition, aerobic endurance, strength and flexibility in Shanghai(3). In the study through the six areas measured data to complete skinfold thickness method, bioelectrical impedance analysis and body mass index screening rate of overweight and obesity in the 10-17 year-old students in Shanghai, using Kappa consistency test analysis of three methods to determine consistency of overweight and obesity among young people aged 10-17 year-old .(4.) In the study through the six areas measured data to complete the analyse 20-meter shuttle run performance and the final running speed characteristics of cross-sectional study 7 ~ 17 year-old male and female students in Shanghai . Completed 7-17 year- old normal weight, overweight and obese students 20 meter shuttle run performance of comparative studies. Completion of the Shanghai urban young people aged 7-17 year-old from 20 meters to run the final running speed and the pace of the global mean of the last Comparison of running speed; Completion of the Shanghai urban young people aged 7-17 from 20-meter shuttle run performance and FITNESSGRAM Criterion Reference comparative study.Conclusions: (1) Body mass index, bioelectrical impedance analysis and skinfold thickness method to judge male and female aged 10-17 students in Shanghai in different age groups the incidence of overweight and obesity, there is great difference in the method by Kappa consistency test respectively. Comparison showed: three methods for determining the consistency of overweight and obesity in male and female students have a greater difference, but statistically significant (P <0.01). (2) The cross-sectional study showed: the Shanghai urban boys aged 8 to 16 performance and the final 20-mSRT running speed are increased with age, girls aged 7 to 13 year-old performance and the final 20-mSRT running speed increased with age also , But increasing with age after 14-year-old is not obvious. That suggests urban children and adolescents Shanghai aerobic endurance increases with age trend. In primary school age 7 to 17 year-old boys 20-mSRT performance and the final running speed are more than girls in Shanghai. Suggested aerobic ability of children and adolescents are gender different. (3) Screening criteria based on WGOC overweight and obesity, the incidence of overweight of male and female students were 11.85%, 19.58% respectively; the incidence of obesity were 12.74% and 6.61% respectively in Shanghai; Boys 20-meter shuttle run performance is normal > overweight> obesity group (P <0.01); Girls 20-meter shuttle run performance: normal> overweight> obesity group. And body weight on the 20-meter shuttle run performance of girls was significantly better than boys; Body composition of students effect on 20 mSRT, If controling weight, overweight and obese students will to be have a positive effect on improving aerobic endurance performance. (4) Comparison 20mSRT final running speed aged 7-17 years students Shanghai and the international peer of young 20mSRT final running speed showed that the final running speed males 10-17 years of age 20mSRT Shanghai is closer to the international average (P> 0.05), but 7,8,9 years of age,faster than the international average level of the same age (P <0.01). Girls final running speed compared to girls with the international the same age was a significant difference, and girlsin Shanghai is higher than the global average ( P <0.01). (5) Comparison 20mSRT performance of 10-17 year-old in Shanghai to FITNESSGRAM Criterion Reference Standard, Studies have shown pass rate of boys aged 10 to 14 years is between 45 to 60% ,but girls 10 to 14-year-old pass rate from 75.5 to 97.6%. The pass rate of girls is better than boys; Otherwise, the pass rate from 15,16,17 years old boys were 39.1%, 26%, 0; but the pass rate from girls were 38.8%, 9.3%, 0. the pass rate of 20mSRT decreased with increasing age , the rate of decline in girls is more obvious.