Research On Farmers' Action Logic In Poverty Governance

Poverty is not only a historical topic,but also one of the most acute social problems in the world today.With the joint efforts of all countries in the world,the global poverty population has continued to decline,and the incidence of poverty has decreased year by year.As an important national strategy,rural poverty governance not only helps improve the living standards of the poor,but it can also change the rural social structure and social relations and promote rural development.From the perspective of China's poverty alleviation process,it has gone through three different stages of "starting development","development-type poverty alleviation" and "precision poverty alleviation",while reflecting from "universal poverty" to "regional poverty" to the policy consideration of "individual poverty".Driven by a policy of accurate poverty alleviation and a “pressure-based” system,the rural “poverty” issue and poverty alleviation have become important factors in the evaluation of the grassroots government's political achievements,and it promoted the evolution of poverty issues and governance techniques towards bureaucracy,technology,and digitalization.However,"poverty",as an aspect of the world of farmers' daily lives,is full of irrational factors such as emotion,cognition,and habits.Obviously,in the context of modernity,there is a collision of structural forces such as “poverty” as life and “poverty” as governance,“traditional-modern”,“value-rational”,and“cognitive-technology”.So,what we need to explore more is,what kind of action will farmers take based on daily life and local knowledge to deal with poverty governance?For accurate poverty alleviation,poverty governance is clearly a concept based on the diverse,overlapping and classified characteristics of the rural poor.Looking back on the practice of rural poverty alleviation in the past three decades,it basically revolves around two different clues: One is the large-scale rural poverty alleviation development that occurred in the 1980 s.The state promotes the development of the rural economy through the cultivation of rural industries,thereby driving the rural poor out of poverty.The second is the social assistance system that began in the 1990 s between urban and rural areas to protect individuals and families from taking social risks due to poverty.At the same time,the two different poverty alleviation practices also contain different operating logics.The social assistance system focuses on ensuring the basic life of the poor and plays the role of a social safety net;while poverty alleviation and development focuses on improving the endogenous development ability and market adaptability of the poor through economic development.For this reason,poverty governance can be generally divided into ensuring poverty governance and developmental poverty governance,which together constitute the main content of poverty governance in China at this stage.Based on the practice of poverty alleviation in Yang Village of G province,the author will explore the basic behavior of farmers' logic in two different poverty governance processes.Located in the west of China,Yang Village is a poor village.Due to various factors such as natural conditions and social environment,economic development has lagged,the population of young and middle-aged people has been severely lost,and the existing peasants in the village have also undergone serious differentiation.In the ensuring poverty governance,the directness of social assistance and poverty alleviation by “dibao” and “wubao” make farmers generally hope to obtain the corresponding poverty status,and then they can obtain the way related to the state or system to directly obtain the benefits.Subsidies,excessive "active" participation also brought about a series of changes in farmers' poverty alleviation concepts and rural social life,which brought a certain degree of negative impact.In the developmental poverty governance,project-centered financial transfers have promoted the extension of national resources to the countryside.Rural public welfare projects,productive projects,and household projects have developed rapidly.However,the selective participation of farmers,selective participation and selective undertaking,and these have led to new social problems such as the “capture of elites”in village societies,reorganization of strata,and social inequality reproduction.By observing the actions of farmers in Yang Village in poverty governance,the author will systematically present the cognition,value and social consequences of farmers in different poverty governance.On the basis of discussing the logic of farmers action in the two types of poverty governance,this dissertation summarizes the actual representation of the differentiation of farmers actions in the two different types of poverty governance,so as to better observe the differences in the actions of farmers under the two types of poverty governance.However,the farmers' actions have their "legitimate" dimension.Through research,it is found that although farmers' actions are not carried out completely in accordance with the dimensions of poverty governance,they can still find the "legitimacy" of words and actions in the context of local knowledge.At the same time,the author looks at the common characteristics of the moral expectations,limited publicity and interest order of the farmers actions of the two poverty governance from the three perspectives of the country,rural society and individuals.It also characterizes the overall behavior of the farmers actions in poverty governance.Finally,through the exploration of farmers' actions in poverty governance,we find that there is a structural tension between technology-oriented poverty governance and farmers' daily lives,and farmers' actions are deeply influenced by the complex structure of poverty governance and the initiative of individual subjects.And it is of great significance to the reshaping of village social structure and social order.In the face of the new characteristics and new trends of the development of poverty,this dissertation attempts to reflect on the current poverty governance,and attempts to compare the poverty governance under the two interwoven relationship dimensions of "poor population-community" and "technology-culture".Different types and functions respond to some of the biases in the process of accurate poverty alleviation in contemporary China,and explore the community-oriented poverty governance and the main aspects of poverty governance in the "post-poverty poverty" era after the eradication of the absolute poor.