| The photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has increased from 3.8% to 25.7% in last decade,which is almost approaching the stage of commercial application.It has attracted the attention of many researchers at home and abroad.The encapsulation of perovskite photovoltaic cells is one of the crucial processes in its industrialization process.Hence,two kinds of encapsulation films have been prepared and applied on the encapsulation of PSCs modules in this work.Expected application in PSCs photovoltaic building integration.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)In the process of suspension polymerization of PVA and butyraldehyde,glycidyl methacrylate(GMA)was introduced as a reaction assistant to synthesize PVB resin with high dispersion and high viscosity.Through the synergistic effect of emulsification and dispersion of GMA molecules and plasticization,the technical problems such as insufficient viscosity of PVB resin prepared by traditional acetal process and poor optical properties of the film owing to residual emulsifier have been solved,and the performance index of the synthetic film(PVBM)using this technology has reached the requirements of perovskite photovoltaic cells encapsulation.The properties of synthetic resin were characterized in detail,including acetal degree,hydroxyl value,bulk density,melt index and thermal stability.The PVBM film prepared by twin-screw cast extrusion process was studied for its bonding strength,impact resistance and transmittance.And the relationship and rules between the transparency,sound insulation and mechanical properties of the film,which provides a novel proposal for the encapsulation of perovskite photovoltaic cells.(2)Based on the previous work,a photovoltaic grade polyacrylate(AHMA)encapsulation adhesive film was synthesized by free radical co-polymerization reaction using acrylic acid,methyl acrylate and butyl acrylate as functional monomers,and the excellent transmittance,adhesion and stability of AHMA film were confirmed by using spectroscopy,mechanical testing and other characterization techniques.The effect of the type and amount of functional monomer on the shear strength of material interface bonding was elucidated,the bonding mechanism with different substrates in the hot pressing process of AHMA film was revealed.(3)On the basis of the above work,the hydrophilicity and lead adsorption properties of AHMA,the high transparency and long-term light stability of AHMA intercalated glass,and the excellent adhesive properties of AHMA with PVBM film and PSCs layers were studied using characterization techniques such as spectroscopy,mechanical testing and profile image analysis;the influence law of functional monomer dosage on the hydrophilicity of AHMA was elucidated,the mechanism of lead adsorption of AHMA encapsulation adhesive film was revealed,the impact resistance and lead leakage resistance of the Glass/PVBM/AHMA encapsulated PSCs assembly were realized.The results show that: the encapsulation film could absorb more than 96% of the lead in them,preventing the leakage of lead when the severely damaged PSCs encapsulated modules experienced 6h of strong rainfall.The electrical test characterization technology confirmed that the PSCs maintained excellent stability after Glass/PVBM/AHMA encapsulation,and the PCE before and after encapsulation reached 21.58% and 20.88%,respectively.The technical problem of toxic lead leakage from damaged PV modules was solved by encapsulating chalcogenide PV devices with AHMA adhesive film and PVBM film.This work is expected to be applied to PSCs photovoltaic building integration. |
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