| Supramolecular gels are increasingly developing towards functionalization;however,this has always been one of the difficulties in this field.In this thesis,a series of functional supramolecular gel materials were developed by the structural design of new D-gluconic acetal-based gelators,the introduction of functional solvents,and combining with polymers to construct supramolecular-polymer dual network gels,and their applications in oil spill treatment,interface lubrication,and wearable sensors were explored,respectively.By finely tuning the side chains of D-gluconic acetal compounds,three gelators with different long alkyl chains were designed and synthesized.The results revealed that all three gelators had excellent gelation abilities in hydrocarbon solvents,and the gelators containing cis C=C or branched structures in long alkyl chains could gel the hydrocarbon solvents at room temperature.Through characterization analysis,it was demonstrated that intermolecular hydrogen bonding,π-πstacking,and van der Waals interactions were the main driving forces for gel formation.Furthermore,the mechanism of room-temperature gel was proposed by analyzing the morphology and self-assembly pattern of the pristine powder of gelators.The gelator A with cis C=C structure in the side chain could gel aromatic hydrocarbons and various crude oils within 1 min at room temperature,and is expected to be applied in oil spill recovery.A series of novel D-gluconic acetal-based gelators（DAn）for the gelation of deep eutectic solvents（DES）were developed.The research revealed that the gelator with the amino group at the end position and the longer alkyl chain had stronger gelation performance for DES.The mechanical properties of supramolecular eutectogels were analyzed by rheology,and it was found that the mechanical properties of supramolecular eutectogels could be adjusted by the length of alkyl chains of the gelator and the type of DES.The self-assembly mechanisms of the gelators were analyzed and characterized,and the solvent-induced assembly patterns of DA10 in deep eutectic solvents were found to be different.The DA10-choline chloride/glycerol eutectogel with high transparency（transmittance>95%）,100%self-healing,and high conductivity(1.33 m S·cm-1)could be used as a smart conductive material.In addition,the eutectogels exhibited remarkable lubricating properties on the steel interface due to their excellent self-healing,creep recovery and corrosion resistance properties.Based on the strategy of constructing a dual network system,a supramolecular-polymer dual network eutectogel（G18/PHEAA DN eutectogel）was successfully prepared.Due to the unique energy dissipation mechanism of the supramolecular-polymer dual network gel,the existence of the supramolecular gel network greatly improved the tensile properties of the G18/PHEAA DN eutectogels.Under the optimal preparation conditions,the elongation at break of the G18/PHEAA DN eutectogel was as high as 4300%,and the tensile strength was 0.21 MPa.In addition,with the advantages of supramolecular gelator and DES,the prepared G18/PHEAA DN eutectogels exhibited excellent self-healing property,stability in wide range of temperature（-20 to 100°C）,excellent adhesion,remarkable self-healing,and good conductivity.Due to the existence of the supramolecular gel network,the G18/PHEAA DN eutectogel had high strain sensitivity（GF=10.04）in the strain range of 0-1000%,and had a sensitivity of up to 0.75 k Pa-1 in the pressure range of 0-100 k Pa.The self-adhesive strain/pressure sensors also possessed excellent stabilities.The design strategy of supramolecular-polymer DN eutectogel may provide a reference for the development of other novel flexible conductive materials. |
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