Construction And Application Of The Database On Lifestyles Related To Prostate Cancer

In developed countries of Europe and America,Prostate Cancer(PCa)ranks first in the incidence of male tumors.However,recent studies have shown that the age-adjusted mortality rate of PCa in the United States is on a downward trend.This declining and relatively low mortality rate is due to the public’s increased awareness of early prevention and treatment.Since 2000,with the aging of the population and changes in lifestyles,the average annual growth rate of PCa in China has been 12.6%,and the mortality rate has continued to increase,which has seriously threatened the health of men in China.The"Opinions of the State Council on Implementing Healthy China Actions" issued and implemented on June 24,2019,advocating the shift from focusing on treating diseases to focusing on people’s health,establishing a sound health education system,popularizing health knowledge,and guiding the masses to establish correct health concept,strengthen early intervention,form a healthy lifestyle,ecological environment and social environment,and extend healthy life.The Evidence-based transformation of lifestyle knowledge carried out in this study is consistent with the mainstream direction of disease research and the national health policy,and has a clear theoretical basis and practical significance.Through a systematically review the latest research trends in chronic diseases,cancer,PCa and lifestyle,it is found that there is no unified standard and reference for lifestyle research,data heterogeneity is high and the classification is diverse.The conclusions of different studies are contradictory.These circumstances make it difficult for them to be shared in systematic research or assist clinical lifestyle decision-making and self-health management of patients.This study constructs the PCa-related lifestyle database(PCaLiStDB)through a systematic and evidence-based method,which fully integrates lifestyles related to the occurrence of PCa,covering foods,nutrients,life habits and social and environmental factors as well as associated genes and physiological and biochemical indexes together with the disease phenotypes and drugs.The current PCaLiStDB version 1.0 has collected 2290 single-factor lifestyles and 365 joint effects of two or more lifestyles were collected.Among these,394 are protective factors,556 are risk factors,45 are no-influencing factors and 52 are factors with contradictory views.PCaLiStDB is expected to facilitate the prevention and control of PCa,as well as the promotion of mechanistic study of lifestyles on PCa.Lifestyle-Wide Association Studies of PCa(PCa-LWAS)conducted a preliminary in-depth excavation and analysis of 11973 single lifestyle factors and 3624 combined effects of two or more lifestyles in PCaLiStDB,and identified 54 Combined risk factors,34 combined protective effects,219 combined contradictory effects,652 unclear combined effects,and visualized network analysis of the first three relationships.At the same time,the 35 lifestyle-related genes initially collected in PCaLiStDB were analyzed to provide a basis for the combined effects and progressive mechanisms of lifestyle.The PCa Lifestyle Ontology(PCLiON)integrates 397 lifestyles and lifestyle-related factors associated with PCa on the basis of PCaLiStDB and LWAS.It is currently a rare lifestyle ontology for specific diseases.Qualitative analysis was carried out for 329 terms in PCLiON,including factors which are protective,risk or current contradictory effects,etc.320 attribute annotations were extracted and reused from resources such as SNOMED CT,NCI Thesaurus,Cochrane Library and FooDB,and 11 object attributes were added.The logical relationship and completeness meet the ontology requirements.The bilingual online platform realizes the transformation of complex lifestyle research data into standard,reliable and responsive knowledge,which can promote the shared-decision making(SDM)on lifestyle intervention and assist patients in lifestyle self-management toward the goal of PCa targeted prevention.As data providers of medical research and recipients of health knowledge,smart patients can better use smart devices and knowledge to do a good job in self-health management and participate in medical decision-making,and promote a virtuous circle of medical services and self-health management.Through the application scenario design of PCLiON and PCaLiStDB in smart patients,a preliminary exploration is made for the targeted prevention and improvement of PCa based on a personalized lifestyle.This study follows the ideas and principles of Evidence-based medicine(EBM),systematically and comprehensively integrates lifestyles related to the occurrence of PCa,and builds a PCa lifestyle database-PCaLiStDB,conducts a full association analysis of lifestyles-LWAS,and then determines the definition and classification standards of lifestyle data to construct the lifestyle ontology-PCLiON,preliminarily realize the evidence-based transformation of lifestyle knowledge,and finally explore the application of the above research to the smart prevention of PCa.The results of this study are applicable to lifestyle research on other diseases,and are conducive to the ultimate goal of precise lifestyle and targeted prevention of diseases.