| Objective:Based on the large amount of fragmented knowledge in the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine,this study focused on the syndrome of qi sinking,researched its theory-method-prescription-medicine system,constructed a knowledge map of the ancient books of the syndrome of qi sinking,explored the ancient and modern rules of treatment of the syndrome of qi sinking through data mining and developed a question and answer system applicable to the knowledge of the ancient books of the syndrome of qi sinking,so as to achieve an integration of storing,querying,Q&A and correcting the knowledge of the ancient books of the syndrome of qi sinking.In order to efficiently establish a more complete knowledge system of qi sinking syndrome of Chinese medicine antiquity,quickly locate the key knowledge,provide new ideas for intelligent knowledge recommendation and clinical treatment of qi sinking syndrome,so as to promote the standardization of knowledge of Chinese medicine antiquity,the efficiency of searching,the effective inheritance of Chinese medicine clinical syndrome of qi sinking experience and good development.Methods:(1)This study collected and sorted out the records of qi sinking syndrome in ancient books from medical practitioners of different generations,explored the expressions from "qi"to "qi sinking" to "qi sinking syndrome" in ancient books,and gradually clarified the connotation of qi sinking syndrome.The connotation of qi sinking syndrome was clarified.The views on qi sinking syndrome of various medical practitioners from the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period to the Republic of China period are sorted out.The pathogenesis of qi sinking syndrome was discussed from the perspectives of zang-fu viscera,qi,blood and fluid,and the etiology of qi sinking syndrome was summarised from the perspectives of six climatic exopathogens,seven emotions and pathological factors.The treatment rules and methods of qi sinking syndrome were summarised,and the treatment means included moxibustion,acupuncture,tonics and special treatments.Diseases with qi sinking syndrome as the main type of syndrome were compiled,all prescriptions for qi sinking syndrome were counted,and Chinese medicines with qi lifting effects were collected and classified.(2)In this study,the Chinese Medical Canon was chosen as the literature search tool for ancient Chinese texts on qi sinking syndrome,while the ancient texts in the full-text database of ancient Chinese medicine of Nanjing University were used for proofreading,and the ancient texts were entered independently by the two-person,two-computer method and cross-checked in order to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the original data.Then,through division,the provisions were categorised into different topics,and the following types and relationships used to extract concepts were formulated with reference to the semantic network framework of TCM language system of health informatics.(3)Using protege5.0 to build the knowledge ontology of ancient books on qi sinking syndrome,and formulate the conceptual layer of five topics,such as traditional Chinese medicine,prescription,acupuncture,medical theory and diagnosis.Based on R language,the provisions of qi sinking syndrome are divided into words,imported into doccano text annotation platform to mark the lexical properties,and constructed a custom corpus,and then used jieba package to identify the named bodies of the provisions,and improved the correctness of the identification by continuously improving the custom library.Define the relationship between entities and extract the relationship.Finally,construct the knowledge graph of qi sinking syndrome ancient books based on the extracted entities and relations,and store the knowledge graph in Neo4j for display and query.(4)Mining the laws of qi sinking syndrome treatment in ancient books through descriptive analysis,association rule analysis,co-occurrence analysis,complex network analysis,and formal concept analysis of the data of qi sinking syndrome treatment in ancient books,including traditional Chinese medicine,symptom,symptom-medicine relationship,disease,pulse,and tongue.Through descriptive analysis,association rule analysis,co-occurrence analysis,complex network analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,and Pearson correlation analysis of real-world qi sinking syndrome data,such as traditional Chinese medicine,symptom,symptom-medicine relationship,disease,pulse manifestation,tongue manifestation,etc.,we excavate the qi sinking syndrome treatment laws in the real world.The ancient and modern treatment laws were also compared and analysed.(5)Based on qi sinking syndrome ancient knowledge graph,this study used simple query,node similarity algorithm and top-k query algorithm for knowledge reasoning according to the classification of knowledge topic characteristics,and adopted HTML5+JavaScript+j Query+Visual Studio Code+bootstrap for user interface design with the help of python programming language.User interface design,using python flask for dialogue management,front and back end through Ajax to achieve data interaction.Build a knowledge quiz system for qi sinking syndrome.Results:(1)Theoretical study of qi sinking syndromeIn terms of theoretical connotation,syndrome of qi sinking was developed from qi deficiency,mostly caused by the deficiency of qi and blood in zang-fu viscera,fear,worry,cold,dampness,improper diet,phlegm,drink and stasis of blood and other factors can lead to qi sinking,common abdominal distension,fatigue,shortness of breath,fever,diarrhoea and other symptoms.In terms of treatment,the treatment of syndrome of qi sinking was based on strengthening vital qi,supplemented by regulating qi,blood and fluid,and at the same time paying attention to appropriate elevation;the treatments of syndrome of qi sinking include acupuncture,tonics and special treatments,etc.The treatment formulae of syndrome of qi sinking in the ancient books had been sorted out to obtain 105 prescriptions,which were divided into 7 categories according to their efficacies,and 106 flavours of drugs with the efficacy of elevating qi had been collected.In terms of the diseases involved,according to the main pathological manifestations of qi trapping diseases,they were classified into four categories:prolapse of organs,such as prolapse of the anus,yin ting,etc.;weakening of the functions of the five senses,such as deafness,mute,etc;abnormal metabolites of the zang-fu viscera,such as leakage of blood,urination,etc;and systemic symptoms,such as fatigue and impotence.(2)Constructing the knowledge map of qi sinking syndrome in ancient Chinese medicine booksBased on the knowledge of qi sinking syndrome in ancient Chinese medicine books and relevant Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment standards,the knowledge ontology framework was designed and constructed,and divided into five sub-themes based on the content:traditional Chinese medicine,prescription,diagnosis and treatment,medical theory,and acupuncture,and the attributes of the entities as well as the relationships and semantic types between the entities were defined,with a total of 18 conceptual types and 14 relationship types defined.Referring to the theoretical research framework of qi sinking syndrome in Chapter 1,the framework was modified and improved to finalise the knowledge ontology framework of qi sinking syndrome in ancient Chinese medicine.The 7,294 ancient knowledge articles of qi sinking syndrome obtained from screening are used for entity extraction,10%-35%of the samples of each subject article are exported with text annotation as a custom library,and the rest of the articles are imported into R language for entity recognition,and it is tested that the correctness rate can reach more than 85%when the proportion of annotated text is 30%.Then the obtained entities are normalised and fused,and finally 11614 entities and 12476 relationships are obtained.Using python3.11 to import entities and entity relationships into Neo4j,the final construction of the completed qi sinking syndrome ancient knowledge graph to achieve visual display and semantic query function.(3)Exploration of the rule of treatment for qi sinking syndrome based on data miningAfter analysing the ancient data of qi sinking syndrome,we obtained that the commonly used medicines for qi sinking syndrome include ginseng,angelica,astragalus,chaihu,and shengma,etc.;the common symptoms include abdominal pain,dullness,shortness of breath,abdominal distension,and weakness of limbs,etc.;pulse manifestation mainly includes sunken,fine,stringy,and numbness;tongue manifestation mainly includes pale tongue,white moss,and mossless moss;and the most relevant elements of qi sinking syndrome are eight elements:emptiness,evil,spleen,yang,stomach,depression,dampness,heart,liver,and blood.After analysing the real world data of qi sinking syndrome,it was obtained that the commonly used medicines were liquorice,angelica,atractylodes macrocephala,astragalus,and chenpi,etc.;the common symptoms were anal prolapse,nausea,constipation,and uterine prolapse,etc.;the common illnesses were prolapse of the anus,hernia,yin ting,and diarrhoea,etc.;the pulse manifestation was predominantly sunken,fine,stringy,and weak;and the tongue manifestation was predominantly pale,white moss,and teeth marks.After comparative analysis,it can be seen that the qi sinking syndrome ancient and modern pathology and disease description is more consistent,in the treatment method,the ancient prefer to tonify the deficiency to resolve the surface dispersal,modern preference for tonifying the deficiency of qi to activate blood.(4)Development of knowledge quiz system based on node similarity and top-k algorithmBased on the knowledge map of ancient books on qi sinking syndrome,according to the characteristics of the five knowledge topics of qi sinking syndrome,we use simple query for traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture,node similarity algorithm to query the answer for medical theory and prescription,top-k algorithm for knowledge inference for diagnostic method,and design seven kinds of question templates according to the entity relationship,with the help of python programming language,using python flask.With the help of python programming language,python flask is used for dialogue module management,and data interaction is achieved through Ajax at the front and back ends to construct a qi sinking syndrome ancient knowledge quiz system.Conclusion:(1)We have sorted out the viewpoints of medical doctors in the past dynasties on the theory of syndrome of qi sinking,and drawn the inheritance lineage map.Exploring and analysing the relevant theories,we obtained that the pathology of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking belongs to emptiness,and it has many causative factors,which may be triggered by factors such as excessive emotions,six climatic exopathogens,inappropriate diet,labour and rest,and the formation of pathological products,etc.Deficiency of zang-fu viscera and qi-blood is the main pathology of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking syndrome.The syndrome of qi sinking presents different pathological manifestations in different diseases,and the treatment should be adjusted according to the different locations,etiological and pathological mechanisms,each with its own focus.(2)The construction of the ancient knowledge map of qi sinking syndrome was completed,and the knowledge of qi sinking syndrome was standardised.With 18 concept types,14 conceptual relationships and 5 thematic concept layers,the ancient knowledge map of qi sinking syndrome was finally constructed with 11,614 entities and 12,476 relationships through the methods of entity extraction,relationship extraction and knowledge fusion.The visualisation of qi sinking syndrome ancient knowledge was achieved.(3)Mining the ancient and modern treatment law of qi sinking syndrome,after comparative analysis,it is found that qi sinking syndrome has the same description of pathology and disease location in ancient and modern times,and in the treatment method,ancient times favoured tonifying the deficiency and relieving the epidermis and dispersing,while modern times prefer tonifying the deficiency and regulating the qi and activating the blood.(4)A question and answer system that can use natural language to query the knowledge related to the syndrome of qi sinking in ancient books was developed.A responsive user interface is designed to facilitate users’ use in different terminals;three knowledge reasoning algorithms are set up according to the characteristics of different subject knowledge to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of the Q&A;and the corresponding question templates are set up in combination with entity relationships and types.It realises the integration of storage,query,question and answer,and correction of the knowledge of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking in ancient Chinese medicine books,which helps the inheritance and development of the knowledge of qi sinking syndrome of qi sinking in ancient Chinese medicine books. |
PDF Full Text Request