The Literatus Ji Dong’s Literary Activities And The Ecology Of The Literary World Of The Early Qing Dynasty

Taking Ji Dong(1624-1676)who is a literati in the early Qing dynasty and his literary activities as the object of study,this paper starts with influence factors of the early Qing dynasty literary,such as the mentality of literati,creation,stylistic characteristics and important cultural activities.Ji Dong,also called Fucao or Gaiting,and he come from Wujiang,Jiangsu.His life experience was rich and circuitous,the imperial examination experience was not suitable,he almost depended on others for food and money,he was depressed all life.He was a famous poet,known as the Four Poets of Songling with Wu Zhaoqian,Pan Lei and Gu Youxiao,famous literati in the middle of Jiangsu.He was also a literary talent,travelled throughout the north and south,his prose benefited this.Like WU Weiye,Wang Wan,Wang Shimin,Wu Zhaokuan,Peng Sunyu,Song shiying and the others,he was the representative of Jiangnan literati whose personal mentality,life trajectory,literary creation and other aspects changed under the influence of the Play Close Case,and his unique life experience for more than ten years reflected the real living state of literati in the early Qing dynasty.It can be said that Ji Dong is an object worthy of in-depth exploration and should be paid attention to and studied from all aspects,multiple perspectives and at a deep level.However,for a long time,Ji Dong has been regarded as a marginal literatus,free from the history of literature,research results are not enough,failed to get due academic attention.In view of this,on the basis of previous studies,this paper will make an in-depth study of his family lineage,life experience,friends,poetic creation and other related issues,and re-examine his position and value in the world of poetry and literature,so as to give him a proper position in the history of literature.The first chapter mainly discusses some questions in his family lineage and life.In terms of family history,this paper takes the family of Ji as the center,investigates in detail its lineage inheritance and family learning origin,and probes into how the people of Ji clan uphold the purpose of striving to rejuvenate the clan of Ji,so as to reproduce the real appearance of Jiangnan culture.In terms of his life,this paper focuses on the existence of many doubts and errors in his life,such as the problem of birth and death,the reasons for the ups and downs of his career in ten years,the travel in his later years and the causes of begging for food,etc.The second chapter investigates the relationship between Ji Dong and Jiangnan scholars in the early Qing dynasty.Through the investigation of the network of in-laws connected by Ji Dong and his two sons and one daughter,it can be found that Ji Dong’s intercourse presents a certain particularity.The marriage friends were all important literary families in the south of the Yangtze river at that time,and the related characters behind the marriage network were closely related to the achievement of life,literary interest,fame and achievement.His literary creation and literary interest can still be stimulated and sublimated,gathered a group of literary elites,thus showing a unique ecological map of the literary world in the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty.The third chapter mainly investigates the creation of prose of Ji Dong and the ecology of the literary world in the early Qing dynasty.First explore and contrast the literature thoughts of Ji Dong and his teachers such as Zhang Pu,Liu Zongzhou,Huang Daozhou,Wang Chongjian,Cao Benrong,Song Zhisheng,etc.it can be found that he based on the principle of integration,combined north-south literature thoughts,Confucian classics,Neo-Confucianism,Wang Yangming,learned from OuYang xiu,GuiYouguang and SuSHi.Second to gauge his interaction with WuZhong,Zhongzhou,Jingshi literati in ancient prose creation,to examine his ancient prose creation and literary ideas.Through examining the interaction between Ji Dong and other literati around the Qing dynasty literature,draw the outline of the dynamic quality of Qing dynasty style evolution and micro context.Finally in the background of Qing dynasty literati calling for Qing Wen,exam the Qing dynasty prose debates Ji Dong participated in: with Wang Wan,Chen Xi about the worship,Dao and principle;with Wang Wan,Liang Xi about the relations of classics,Dao and literature;with Wang Wan,Wei Xi,Shi Runzhang about the principle of literature,to explain Ji Dong’s concept of ancient prose and adjustment process of dynamic development,to see that he and other literati’ attention and reflection to the development of ancient prose,that is the product of the pursuit of the creation concept and the literary mainstream at the beginning of the Qing dynasty.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the creation of Ji Dong ’s poems and related issues.First of all,centering on a detailed introduction guide to learn poetry written by Ji Dong for his disciples,Replying to Disciples on Poetry,this thesis elaborated his unique and practical poetics theory.Especially on the poetic technique of the discussion,was very special in the early Qing dynasty.Secondly,in the background of the office of the commanding officer,Ji Dong often travelled with the master of the office,compared poetry with the friends,his poem can be divided into three categories,such as bosom friends,travel to visit the trip,mountains,rivers and scenery.This thesis in-depth analyzes his poetry creation,as well as the display of the bright and unique artistic style.Finally,he and Gu Youxiao,Pan Lei,Wu Zhaoqian collectively were known as Four Poets of Songling,exam its establishment process,the communication between the four,he reason and significance,etc.That is,to make a multi-angle and multi-level investigation and supplement on the related problems of his poetry creation.The fifth chapter mainly studies the mentality and literary expression of Jiangnan literati under the influence of the Play Close Case.First of all,check the documents and historical materials,start with the literature and political ecology of Jiangnan before the case is played,then deeply analyze the causes and process of the case.It can be said that the case was the result of the Qing court’s intention to suppress the Jiangnan scholars,as well as the result of the long resistance of the people in the south of the Yangtze river and their failure to cooperate with the rule of the Qing court.Its extensive involvement,the severity of punishment were related to Jiangling’s two governors.Because the grievances of the governor Zhu Guozhi and Jiangnan gentry have been long,so that the case involved more than 10,000 gentry,and the case’s follow-up work was completed in the succession of Jiangning governor Han Shiqi.Secondly,in this context,study the effect of the case on Ji Dong and his friends,such as the changes in life trajectory and the changes in scholar style.Finally,the paper focuses on the influence and transformation of the mentality,aesthetic interest and literary creation of Jiangnan literati after the occurrence of the case.