Research On The Spread,Evolution And Influence Of Chinese Characters In Vietnam

Under the guidance of "cross-cultural Chinese character theory","Chinese character three-plane theory","Chinese character vocational theory","inheritance of popular characters and variant popular characters theory",this paper aims to study about the texts of Vietnamese characters and the spread,evolution and influence of Chinese characters in Vietnam.In order to have a meticulous study,different kinds of methods and materials are used,such as exhaustive collection method,data survey method,the combination method of text objects and historical documents,and synchronic descriptionand combined with diachronic comparison,overall investigation and case analysis,Vietnamese Chinese character stone-cut texts,paper texts,historical materials of Chinese and Vietnamese documents,and Chu-Nom dictionaries.The specific situation was explored and the following conclusions were drawn.1.The existing materials of Vietnamese Chinese characters were produced late.Stone texts are mostly concentrated in the post Li Dynasty and Ruan Dynasty,and the paper texts are mostly concentrated in the Ruan Dynasty.There are also some texts that need to be discovered urgently,such as imperial edicts,memorials and Zhuan,contract documents,diplomatic documents,Buddhist scriptures,and Taoist rituals.2.The spread of Chinese characters in Vietnam covers three aspects:reasons,ways and effects.The fundamental reason for the spread of Chinese characters in Vietnam lies in the fact that a large number of Chinese people and Chinese characters have entered Vietnam in history.The main ways of spreading Chinese characters in Vietnam are scripture,building schools,carrying out branches,and admiring people.The spread of Chinese characters in Vietnam has an extraordinary effect.Vietnamese people not only have a full understanding of Chinese characters,can make simple tests,and can also use Chinese characters to create documents,research and teach Chinese characters.3.The evolution of Chinese characters in Vietnam involves form,structure,and function.In terms of form,the writing units of Chinese characters tend to increase or decrease in number,change in handover,change in orientation,deformation,and transposition.Among them,the increase in the number of writing units includes the avoidance of taboos,the categorization,the transformation into fonts and the multiplication by the influence of the vulgar style,and the increase in the number of writing units.The decrease in the number of writing units includes the combination of strokes,reduction of components,Keep the outline;the handover changes of the writing units include adhesion and separation;the unidirectional movement of writing includes the changes of up and down,left and right,and the surrounding structure;the deformation and transposition of the number of writing units are expressed as"Southern characters".In terms of structure,the components of Chinese characters have the tendency of meaning,phonation,and symbolization.Among them,semanticization includes adding meaning symbols to the original glyphs,transforming the original fonts in whole or part into meaning symbols,changing the sound symbols in the original glyphs into meaning symbols,changing the meaning symbols with unobvious meanings to meaning symbols with clear meanings,Change the complex shape of the meaning symbol into a convenient to write meaning symbol;phoneticization includes adding a sound symbol to the original glyph,transforming a part of the original glyph into a sound symbol,and changing the sound symbol that is not obvious to the sound symbol with clear sound.,Turn the complicated sound symbols into convenient sound symbols for writing;symbolization is the mainstream trend of structural evolution,and "(?)" is the most representative symbol in Vietnamese Chinese characters.In terms of functions,the changes are single,most of them is expanded,and it includes borrowing Chinese characters to record new homophones that have not been recorded in the local area and borrowing Chinese characters to directly record Vietnamese.4.The influence of Chinese characters in Vietnam focuses on writing and culture.Regarding words,Nanzi is produced under the influence of Chinese characters.In the process of creation,the word Nang borrowed the existing shape and structure of Chinese characters;in the process of using the word Nang,it has a similar phenomenon and word relationship with Chinese characters.Regarding culture,on the one hand,Chinese calligraphy entered Vietnam along with the spread of Chinese characters and became an inseparable part of Vietnamese culture.It also had a certain impact on modern Chinese calligraphy at the stroke and body level.On the other hand,the characters in Vietnamese folklore.Fu Ji,anagrams,glyph poems,etc.are all the results of the influence of Chinese characters.The innovation lies in:1.In terms of materials,a considerable part of the documents are first-hand Vietnamese Chinese characters that have not been published in the country,and some are precious printed documents that can only be read in specific institutions.2.In terms of theory,the Chinese character theory is combined with the Vietnamese Chinese character text,and the concepts of "transmission","evolution" and "influence" are defined in accordance with the actual situation,forming a theoretical framework for the "three stages+three aspects" in the study of foreign Chinese characters.3.In terms of methods,we should introduce the sorting method of Chinese characters materials into Vietnamese Chinese characters text materials,so as to make the comparison between Chinese and Vietnamese Chinese characters,and make the research more comprehensive and systematic,.The research value lies in:1.It is helpful to understand the inheritance and variation relationship of Chinese and Vietnamese characters.2.It helps to determine the age and authenticity of the Vietnamese Chinese characters text.3.Contribute to the revision and improvement of large dictionaries.