Research On Emotions Of Place And Behaviors Of Residents In Tourist Destinations From The Perspective Of Psychological Ownership

As the host of the tourist destination,residents have no ownership rights of the tourist destinations in law or in fact,but they may have a psychological sense of ownership of the tourist destinations,believing that the tourist destinations or parts of them belong to themselves.This psychological sense of possession will trigger different emotions and behaviors of residents towards tourist destinations.On the one hand,it will stimulate residents’ identification,love,attachment and belonging to tourist destinations,and then show a series of positive behaviors that are conducive to the development of tourist destinations.On the other hand,too strong sense of possession may lead to excessive defensive psychology.Once residents perceive that their interests are infringed by tourism development,they are likely to have negative emotions,and then boycott the arrival of tourists,refuse to participate in tourism,and even cause serious tourism conflicts,damaging the harmonious and sustainable development of the tourist destination.The formation of emotion and behavior of residents in tourist destinations is a very complex psychological process and social phenomenon,which is influenced by multiple complex interaction factors such as individual and social environment.The current research on the emotions and behaviors of residents in tourist destinations mainly focuses on the perspective of social exchange,investigating the influence of tourism impact perception,tourism benefit perception,community support and other factors,while ignores the internal role of the residents of tourist destination host.Few studies have explored how residents’ possession of tourist destinations affects their emotions of place and behaviors from the perspective of man-land relationship.Therefore,this study introduces the theory of psychological ownership into the study of residents in tourist destinations,combines the research results of organizational behavior,social psychology,and management,and adopts a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to conduct a systematic study on the local emotions and behaviors of residents in tourist destinations,including:(1)Analyze the path of generation of psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations through empirical testing.(2)Based on qualitative interviews and statistical analysis,sort out the dimensions of emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors of residents in tourist destinations,and follow the standard process of scale design to scientifically design scales of different dimensions,and use the designed scales to collect the relevant data of residents in the case area(Shanghai)to explore the different characteristics and laws of emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors of different types of residents in tourist destinations.(3)Construct a relationship model of "psychological ownershipemotions of place-place citizenship behaviors" to empirically test the relationship between psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations,emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors.(4)Establish a moderated mediation model to examine the role of host-guest sharing in the process of psychological ownership and emotions of place on place citizenship behaviors,and clarify the mechanism of psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations on emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors.Through in-depth and systematic research on the above issues,this article found that:(1)The generation of psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations is based on the three paths of familiarity,involvement,and perceived control.(2)The emotions of place of residents in tourist destinations include three dimensions: place attachment,sense of belonging,and sense of territory.Place citizenship behavior includes five dimensions: protecting behavior,helping behavior,positive word-ofmouth,participating behavior,and tolerant behavior.There are structural differences in the dimensions of emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors among residents of different groups in tourist destinations.Factors such as age,education level,occupation,average monthly income,residential time,residential area,place of birth,household registration,and real estate have a certain degree of influence on the emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors.(3)Psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations significantly positively affects emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors,place attachment and sense of belonging positively affect place citizenship behaviors,and territoriality negatively affects place citizenship behaviors.Psychological ownership can directly affect place citizenship behaviors.It can also have an indirect influence through emotions of place.Specifically: place attachment and sense of territory play an intermediary role between psychological ownership and protecting behavior,helping behavior,and positive word-of-mouth;sense of belonging and territoriality play an intermediary role between psychological ownership,participating behavior,and tolerant behavior.(4)In the process of the psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations on place citizenship behaviors,its direct effects or the intermediary effects of emotions of place are regulated by host and guest sharing.Specifically: For protecting behaviors,positive word-of-mouth and tolerant behaviors with relatively low behavioral difficulty,the process of psychological ownership on its influence will be regulated by host and guest sharing.Among them,host and guest sharing negatively regulates the sense of territory in psychological ownership and protecting behaviors.The mediating effect between the two relationships,the direct influence of psychological ownership on positive word-ofmouth,and the mediating effect of place attachment in the relationship between psychological ownership and protecting behavior,the positive adjustment of the sense of belonging in psychological ownership and tolerant behavior the intermediary effect between relationships;as for helping behaviors and participating behaviors that are difficult to behave,psychological ownership will not be adjusted to the host and guest sharing in the process of its influence.Finally,three suggestions for promoting the harmonious and sustainable development of tourist destinations are put forward:(1)Cultivating and consolidating the psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations,and guiding residents to support the construction of tourism industry;(2)Advocating the concept of shared culture and building a new tourism model of “host and guest sharing” Pattern;(3)Strengthening the positive emotions of residents in tourist destinations and driving place citizenship behaviors.The implementation of this research has certain innovations and contributions:(1)The structural dimensions of emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors of residents in tourist destinations are clearly distinguished;(2)The perspectives of the research on the antecedents of residents’ emotions and behaviors in tourist destinations are innovated;(3)Clarified the generation path and mechanism of psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations;(4)Broadened the application field of psychological ownership theory.At the same time,there are some shortcomings:(1)Lack of analysis on the related content of collective psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations;(2)It is necessary to conduct multiple case analysis on the scale of residents’ emotions of place and place citizenship behaviors in tourist destinations to enhance its universality;(3)Insufficient discussion of other adjustment factors in the process of the psychological ownership of residents in tourist destinations and emotions of place on place citizenship behaviors.These contents need to be further explored in future research.