Study On The Ideological Control System In The Early Years Of Showa Period

As the longest time span in modern Japanese history,the Showa period was an important period of change in which democracy and autocracy played a game and turbulence and development coexisted.Taking the defeat in 1945 as the dividing point,over 60 years of Showa history can be subdivided into two periods.The 20 years before the defeat was the most turbulent,chaotic,and the most fanatical and dark period in Showa history.It was also a period that must be traced and reflected when clearing issues such as literature and politics,war responsibility,and reshaping the scientific and rational historical understanding.Therefore,the early Showa period became the subject of literature,history and other academic research.The ideological control system in the early years of Showa period is an important part and issue of the governing system,which is combined with economic control and political control.This research takes the ideological control of the early Showa period as the research object,and takes the constituent elements of the system as the clue,through the analysis and interpretation of the original documents,explores the main aspects of the ideological control system.It explains the suppression of various social movements by the early Japanese ruling authorities and the ideological guidance and spiritual mobilization of the Japanese people.The ideological control system was established in the historical context of the establishment of fascist dictatorship,suppressed the socialist movement and the overall war system.From the view of composition,the system of ideological governing includes the legal system represented by the Security Preservation Law,with the relevant departments of the Interior Ministry,the Justice Ministry,the Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology Ministry(MEXT)as the main power subjects.They promulgated the implementation of ideological countermeasures under the guidance of laws and regulations.In the special atmosphere and spiritual climate of war,this article discusses the construction process of Japan’s wartime ideological governing system from two aspects: the establishment and improvement of the public security legal system and the organization of power subjects,and analyzes the ideological governing policies which led by various power subjects.Meanwhile,this research analyzes the liquidation of the ideological governing system after Japan’s surrender.It focuses on the influence of the wartime ideological governing system on the construction of the new security system after the war.The laws and regulations represented by the Peace Preservation Law provide the legal basis for the implementation of ideological governance.In the process of being constantly revised and improved,the scope of application of the Peace Preservation Law has been expanded,and the intensity of regulation has been strengthened,this reflects the changes in the ideological policies.Tokkou Keisatu in the Interior Ministry,Shisou Kennji in the Justice Ministry,and Gakuseika,Gakuseibu,Shisoukyoku,Kyougakukyoku in MEXT are the backbone of ideological governance.Based on the Peace Preservation Law,they formulated corresponding countermeasures according to the changes of social situation and the situation of social achievements.They cooperate together and compete with each other,gradually form the ideological governing policies which is the repression by the Interior Ministry,the ideological guidance centered on the Justice Ministry and the ‘Nation Education’ led by MEXT.After Japan’s surrender,the wartime ideological control system disintegrated.But ideological governance will not die out because of the abolition of the law and the disintegration of the power subjects.The cultural identity and inertia patterns formed in the subtle change,as well as the distorted morbid reality under the guidance of the wrong thought,are difficult to eliminate as the sequelae of the ideological governance.