Research On Marx’s Practice-based Innovation On Hegel’s Dialectical Thoughts

To get out of the theoretical dilemma of intellectual thinking,Hegel established the speculative philosophy system with a rational access to truth,and also established the world outlook and methodology of dialectical thinking,which grasps the logical necessity of each link and stage in the course of its development in the absolute idea containing the whole content of things,thus establishing the philosophical thinking mode helping human beings’ understand the content of things itself.Strictly speaking,dialectics is to achieve the methodology of dialectical thinking.As Hegel himself put it,“The method is not the external form,but the soul and concept of the content.” Marxism founded his new philosophy based on the “Rational core” of Hegel’s dialectics;both the historical materialism and the critique of capital logic contain the theoretical consciousness of dialectical thinking.According to Hegel,intellectual thinking takes representation as its cognitive object,and the process of thinking is the subjection of objective things into abstract concepts,which results in the separation between subject and object.As a result of cognition,the subjective abstract concept can be used to define or replace objective things,and“Stipulation is negation” becomes the barrier of cognition that can not be surmounted by the metaphysical mode of thinking of knowledge.Hegel was fully aware of the limitations of intellectual thinking so that he formally established a dialectical way of thinking in his speculative philosophy.Hegel’s dialectical way of thinking is to take the content of the thing itself as the object and to treat the appearance of the thing as the Unity and Opposites of the links unfolded by the content,so that there can be an internal dialectical unity between people’s rational knowledge and the objective thing itself.The opposites and contradictions in the mutual transition in the presentation world can no longer simply remain in the “Negation”,but realize the “Affirmation” of the contents of things themselves by the way of “Sublation”.In this way,Hegel completed the epistemological transformation of the past intellectual thinking with the establishment of dialectical thinking.However,Hegel attributes the “Content” of things themselves to absolute ideas.Abstraction,idealism and mystery are the fundamental defects of speculative philosophy,which make its dialectical way of thinking shrouded in the shadow of Objective idealism.Marxism objected to Hegel’s use of “Absolute ideas” as the basis and content of everything.He believed that the real world in which human beings live is not the original natural world;it is the “Objectified nature” created by human beings through practice,which contains the nature of human practice.The history of human beings is not the spiritual development history of passive implementation of an “Absolute idea”,but the practice history of human beings’ constantly transforming the natural world based on“Perceptual activities”.In this way,Marxism constructed a new philosophical world view based on practice,namely,the materialism and historical view of dialectical thinking theory.From his historical materialism perspective,Marxism rejected the superficial understanding of history by intellectual thinking and criticized the view of human history as a simple collection of all people and events.According to Marxism,the content of human history is the freedom and liberation of all human beings.In the practice of transforming nature,human beings have generated the objective law of history,which is the contradictory movement of productive forces and relations of production.The development of human history is the transition and alternation of social forms developed around the “Content” of human freedom.The whole history of mankind naturally presents the inherent unity between the inevitability of the development of various social forms as concrete links and the totality of human liberation.Similarly,Marxism’s criticism of capital does not rest on the external “Appearance” of capital,but reveals the“Dissimilation logic” from the “Appearance logic” of capital that leads to the loss of human nature.The inevitable result of the development of human history is that “Human logic” will inevitably replace “Capital logic”.A comprehensive understanding of Marxism’s practical changes in Hegel’s dialectical thinking will not only lead us to a better understanding of the sublation relationship between Marxism and Hegel,but it will also provide us with a way of thinking consistent with Marxism’s in the construction of metaphysics with Chinese characteristics in the new era.