Research On The Thought Of "respect" In "Qunshu Zhiyao

As a textbook of imperial studies,Qunshu Zhiyao profoundly summarizes the gains and losses of political theory and experience before the Tang Dynasty,sets the tone of "different from the first work" for the whole book with the purpose of "serving politics and skills,saving advice",and presents a unique style of "governance style".The unique style of this book not only retains the original appearance of the compilation of ancient books,but also gives a more complete presentation of its theme and narration.It is easy to find its source and see the end of this knowledge.Qunshu Zhiyao compiles vivid historical facts and essence,and is committed to arousing the positive moral consciousness of politicians and maintaining a cautious attitude of governance.Qunshu Zhiyao was regarded as a standard after it was spread to Japan,and achieved many prosperous periods.Throughout history,those who are familiar with the "Essentials of governance" can follow its advice,cultivate their self-cultivation and govern well.The fundamental reason is that the thought of governance contained in the book can awaken the self nature of politicians,and "respect" is actually the soul of the book.It can be said that cultivating "respect" morality for politicians is the essence of maintaining the continuity of national sovereignty.What is "respect"?The word "respect" in Qunshu Zhiyao has rich meaning.It has the meaning of warning,caution,respect,awe,respect and respect.It warns politicians to be solemn and serious,always be vigilant and cautious in dealing with political affairs,fear the people,love their relatives and respect talents.In essence,"respect" is a man’s natural virtue,which is related to the blood of sages.Guiding and teaching it can make people understand their nature.On the whole,"respect" in Qunshu Zhiyao shows three characteristics:weakening religious characteristics,retaining humanistic characteristics and highlighting political characteristics."Respect" is a necessary way to realize the harmony between government and people.Cultivating morality and educating the people with "respect" for politicians can make political affairs prosper.The reason why the book aims to implement the whole book with "respect" as the soul is that "respect" takes the way of heaven as the body,morality and etiquette as the phase,and self-cultivation and peace of the people as the use.The way of heaven runs through the inner nature of man.When individuals play the role of "respect",they can bear the destiny of heaven and see the nature of man,so as to achieve the effect of converging body and mind,defeating private desires and resting delusions."Respect"takes virtue and courtesy as the phase.On the one hand,the politicians take care of their body and mind with "respect",which can be described as virtue;On the other hand,the inner respect and Zhuang Su of politicians need to be presented through the conformity of external behavior.Be respectful and respectful,and keep solemn behavior in line with the spirit of solemnity and discipline.This high degree of concentration over the years will promote people to form a stable moral quality and behavior set in practice.Therefore,"respect" is an important way to cultivate morality and benevolence.Through the cultivation of "respect",the subject can transform the external compulsion into his own conscious pursuit,and internalize morality and propriety into the moral convention in his heart.It is not only beneficial for politicians to show benevolence and benevolence,respect morality and protect the people,but also conducive to the practical implementation of the rule of virtue and courtesy.Morality and propriety are related to self-cultivation and governance.To grasp "respect" for politicians is the key to cultivate individual morality and create the harmony of the whole society.The "respect" in the"mass instructions for governance" starts from the politicians themselves,runs through heaven,people,things and things,and is implemented in the practice of respecting the body,relatives,officials and people.It puts "respect" on the consciousness of individual virtue and life on the basis of reflection.In order to implement the governance function of "respect" morality,Qunshu Zhiyao advocates starting from the natural family affection of human beings and cultivating respect in filial piety.Starting from people’s internal natural feelings,it is easiest to develop people’s nature and make people’s inherent natural morality clear.Those who love and respect their relatives will consciously respect their bodies,complete their forms,protect their names,and then complete the whole process of standing up,respecting their relatives and being loyal to the king.As a politician,it is based on respecting relatives and teaches people to respect teachers,the way and the elderly,and then extends to respecting all people,things and things.Qunshu Zhiyao also advocates that politicians should "respect" with ethics.People’s minds are relaxed from time to time,so they must raise the police from the outside with rules,so that the heart will not be dazed,so as to achieve internal and external unity."There are three hundred Sutra rites and three thousand Qu rites".Rites can be divided into auspiciousness,ferocity,guest,army and honor.Confucianism pays particular attention to the ritual of sacrifice."Every sacrifice is the foundation of Rites",and the ritual of sacrifice plays a fundamental role in ancient rites.Therefore,taking the ritual of sacrifice as an example,this paper explores the practical method of teaching respect with rites in Zhiyao.The ritual of sacrifice is based on the inner emotion of the subject and involves the end of human life.It can not only make people realize the effect of"respect" in the process of sacrifice,but also teach people to return to the original and start again,be careful with the beginning and respect the end.The sacrificial process is solemn and solemn.People will consciously raise their solemn and sincere heart through the foil of the external atmosphere.In the process of remembering our ancestors,sacrificial rites constantly strengthen the concept of "root" of the same ancestor,and play the role of stabilizing people’s hearts and educating the people.Qunshu,Zhiyao also advocates "respect" for "five things"."Respect" is not only about inner experience,but also needs to be honed in things."Respect" is the unity of knowledge and practice,internal and external cultivation,which complement each other.This requires the subject to understand and strengthen inner respect in continuous practice.A politician takes the lead in setting an example.He can respect the people when he looks,speaks,sees,listens and thinks.Only when he lives in a deep palace for a long time can he have clear ears and clear eyes.Only when he cultivates himself and calms the people can he get twice the result with half the effort.Zhenguan monarchs and officials have a strong sense of hardship and responsibility.They try their best to practice the political concept in the book of governance in all aspects of self-cultivation,family harmony and governance,which is a profound grasp of the soul of the thought of "respecting" morality.Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was careful in speech,correct in hearing and hearing,and paid attention to strengthening the inner "respect" from external behavior.His words are not false,he is close to the virtuous and far from the sycophant,he accepts advice widely,and he cuts down on lust,which not only contains his deep understanding of the relationship between the monarch and the people,but also reflects his deep insight into the harmfulness of lust.He vividly practiced the way of self-cultivation with "respect"as the core.Under his leading example,the simplicity of Zhenguan Dynasty flourished in more than 20 years.Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty took "respect" as the essence of governing the family,and made great efforts to establish the image of filial piety in matters of relatives;Respect the empress Chang sun like a guest;The Godson is filial to his parents and elders,respects virtuous officials and respects his teachers.It not only cultivated the good fashion of knowing "respect" and doing "respect" within the royal family,but also set an example for people all over the world.In terms of governance,Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty focused on the core of "respect"from the four aspects of strengthening the foundation,governance,chemical education and popularity.He not only respected the people,calmed the people,respected the sages and served the sages,but also paid attention to sacrifice and respecting the elderly.He implemented the "respect" morality in various ways,such as taking the lead in setting an example,rewards and punishments,and discipline,which helped to enrich the good social atmosphere and promote the successful outcome of the "rule of Zhenguan".