The Development Of Economics In Central And Southern China Region During The Period Of The Republic Of China

The period of the Republic of China is a transition period of Chinese economics from tradition to modern times,and also a transition period in the development of China’s economic thought.During this period,the team of economists grew increasingly,and a large number of academic works emerged.The introduction of all kinds of western economics reached a peak,and gradually established China’s own economic teaching and discipline system,making necessary accumulation for the future "take-off" of China’s economics and preparing for the conditions.Central and Southern China region is one of the core areas of Chinese economics education in the Republic of China(including Hubei,Hunan,Henan,Jiangxi,Guangdong,Guangxi),Wuhan University,Sun Yat-sen University,Hunan University,Henan University,Nanchang University,Guangxi University,private Wuchang Zhonghua University,private Huazhong University all started earlier economics education,gathered a large number of economists,produced rich economic research findings,made Central and Southern China region become an important part of the economic development of the Republic of China.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,in order to meet the needs of the national economic construction,the Ministry of Education adjusted the departments of universities across the country,and concentrated the departments of finance and economics,with four specialized finance and economics colleges in Northeast China,East China,Central and Southern China and Southernwest China according to the regional concentration.In Central and Southern China,the Ministry of Education has merged the departments of finance and economics of Henan University,private Wuchang Zhonghua University,Sun Yat-sen University,Hunan University,Nanchang University and Guangxi University based on the school of finance and economics of Zhongyuan University,established Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics,and made it become an aggregation point of economic development of Central and Southern China region in the Republic of China.After adjusting,the discipline and professional structure of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics,has been further optimized,and built an economics higher education system with relatively complete disciplines,with 87 professors and 22 associate professors,which far exceeded the average level of national universities at that time,ranking in the forefront among financial universities.Most of the professors of economics at Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics graduated from economics or related majors in famous universities at home and abroad.Nearly half of them had overseas learning experience and covered their bachelor’s,master’s and doctoral degrees,which was an important force in economic research during the Republic of China.It can be found that the economic thoughts after the founding of The People’s Republic of China are the simple introduction and case study,scattered and fragmented,lack of systematic and integrated research,insufficient mining of scholars’ economic thoughts,interaction and contention,lack of analysis of foreign economic thoughts and necessary attention to ordinary scholars.By analyzing the thoughts of economics professors of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the period of the Republic of China,can review the general and overall characteristics of the economic history of Central and Southern China region in the Republic of China,and provide useful reference for Chinese modern economic development and economic construction practice.By this,the thesis reviewed a large number of data of economics professors of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics and relevant colleges and universities in Central and Southern China region,Forty-five of these professors(including associate professors)were selected as the research subjects,with the history of economic thought as the main line,using the vertical and horizontal combination of multiple dimensions,according to the content and characteristics of its economic thoughts and research findings,combined with the current discipline classification standards,systematically combing and summarizing the contents,characteristics and contributions of the economics professors of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics during the Republic of China,thus drawing the outline of the development context,main achievements and overall characteristics of economics in Central and Southern China region duringduring the Republic of China.This thesis includes three parts: introduction,text and conclusion.The introduction part mainly includes research background and significance,research review,research framework,research content and research methods.The body section has nine chapters.The first chapter is Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics as the aggregation point of the economic development in Central and Southern China region during the Republic of China.This chapter sorts out the teaching,research and construction of teachers in major universities in Central and Southern China region in the Republic of China,and summarizes the status and role of economics in Central and Southern China region in the history of Chinese economics in higher education in the Republic of China.The study shows that Central and Southern China region is one of the core areas of Chinese economic education in the Republic of China.After the establishment of the Ministry of higher education of the People’s Republic of China,Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics becomes the aggregation point of the economic development of Central and Southern China region in the Republic of China.Based on the investigation of the economic thought during the period of the Republic of China of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics,we can examine the development of economics of Central and Southern China region in the Republic of China.The second chapter is the study of the theoretical economics thought of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.This chapter reviews the spread of Marxist economics,the introduction of western economics and localization of economic theory in Central and Southern China region during the Republic of China.Chapter 3 is the study of the thought of economic history of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.According to the current classification of disciplines,economic history should be investigated in theoretical economics.Because the professors of economics of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China had a great influence,it should be separately listed as a chapter for discussion.This chapter mainly discusses the research of the Marxist economic history and German historical school economic history of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.Chapter 4 to 8 according to the economic research findings of various departments of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China,and the classification of applied economics and business management,they are divided into five aspects: public finance,finance,agricultural economics,accounting,auditing and other economic theory.Chapter 4 is the study of the thought of public finance of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.This chapter discusses the main figures of liberal finance thought,national interventionist finance thought,people’s livelihood finance thought and wartime finance thought during the Republic of China.Chapter 5 is the study of the thought of finance of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.This chapter makes a key analysis from three aspects: currency science,banking science and insurance science.Chapter 6 is the study of the thought of agricultural economics of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.This chapter focuses on the research of agricultural economics from four aspects of Marxist agricultural economy thought,livelihood thought on agriculture,related agricultural economic thought of rural construction school and western agricultural economic thought.Chapter 7 is the study of the thought of accounting and auditing of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.This chapter analyzes the two aspects of accounting and auditing.Chapter 8 studies the thought of other economic theories of the professor group in Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics in the Republic of China.This chapter focuses on analyzing the research findings of trade economics,cooperative economics,statistics,industrial economics,demography,economic geography,transportation economics,etc.Chapter 9 is the inheritance and development of the economics vein of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics.This chapter sorted out the new achievements of academic development of economics professors of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics after the reform and opening up,and puts forward that the economics professors of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics still stand the ground of economics education after the Great Cultural Revolution,and difficult explored and extended the pulse of economics in Central and Southern China region during the Republic of China.Conclusion part summarizes and evaluates the historical characteristics,historical contributions and historical limitations of the economics development in Central and Southern China region during the Republic of China.From the perspective on the economic thought of the economics professor group of Zhongnan Institute of Finance and Economics,we can find that the economics of Central and Southern China region in the period of the Republic of China showed four important characteristics: obvious regional characteristics,strong Marxist tendency,distinctive applied characteristics and remarkable characteristics of the times.It also showed four historical contributions: promoting the establishment and improvement of the economic system in the Republic of China,promoting the localization and sinicization of economics,guiding the economic practice of the Republic of China,and provide reference for the development of contemporary economics.There are some historical limitations,such as focusing on applied research,weak basic theoretical research and few original achievements.