The Remote Sensing Monitoring And Assessment Of Environment Under The Influence Of Mining

Mineral resources are an important material basis for the human survival and development, but the original structure and state of the ecological environment have tremendous changes under the exploitation of mineral resources. As people's understanding and attention of sustainable development, mine environmental issues are given more and more attention. Mine Environmental Assessment has an important theoretical and practical value because that which can provide the scientific basis and decision support for government departments proceeding mine environmental protection, environmental planning, environmental recovery and management work and rational exploitation of mineral resources. At present the study of single mine environmental problem is more, but a comprehensive assessment of the mine environment is less because of the factors that affect the mining environment are numerous,complex and difficult to quantify. Therefore, how to make a scientific and reasonable comprehensive assessment of the mine environment is a major issue in mine environmental studies.In this paper, the study area is Zibo mining area in Shandong Province, we build the assessment model based on remote sensing monitoring of mine development situation and assess the mine environment of the study area using Analytic Hierarchy Process. First, by analyzing which environmental problems the development of mineral resources may cause, the mine environmental damage is summed up three main aspects, respectively:earth's surface damage, environmental pollution damage and geological disasters. According to these three types of damage, ten indicators which can be monitored by remote sensing or be got through collecting existing data are proposed, there are the damage of exploitation occupied land, vegetation damage, mineral resources damage, land reclamation, air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, ground collapse, landslide, and debris flow. The remote sensing monitoring contents and methods are determined by these indicators, the perfect interpreting marks of mining ground objects in the study area are established through a series of research and analysis, on this basis, the mine-related ground objects are extracted by the method of man-computer interactive interpretation, this can provides data support for the quantization of indicators. Then, by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various mine environmental assessment method, chose the Analytic Hierarchy Process as the assessment method in this study. To get more accurate assessment results, build the three layers assessment models, carry out quantization and grading for qualitative assessment indicators, use the square mesh method for assessment unit, divide the overall quality of mine environment and assessment indicators into five levels, that are good, relatively good, general, relatively poor, poor, determine assessment index weights using Analytic Hierarchy Process. Finally, make a single indicator assessment of each factor and comprehensive assessment of multiple factors, and get the each factor assessment map and the comprehensive assessment map. Through assessment, obtain that in the study area the unit of poor environment is none, the relatively poor, general, relatively good, good units are 1,13,127,159 separately. The results show that:The assessment model and method in this paper is reliable and effective, basically consistent with the study area actual situation and can provide a reference for mine environmental governance.