Studies On The Chromosome Number,ploidy Relationship And Relative Relationship Of Several Plants In Hibiscus

Hibiscus is a great genus of Malvacae which includes abundance species and there are complex relationships among those species. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, H schizope talus and H mutab i/is are ornamentals of Hibiscus and are wide planted in southen China . The present investigation was undertaken to study the somatic chromosome numbers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis , H. schizopetalus and H mutab i/is and the ploidy relationship among them , the relative relationship of those three speices was also studied in this investigation . The main contents and results were given below: 1. In order to shorten the time of rootage, the cutting of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis were dealed with different hormones, the results showed that the mixed solution of 1 O0ppm NAA + 1 O0ppm IAA had the best effect The cuttings dealed with hormones began to grow root from the tenth day when inserted in water and began to grow root from the thirteenth day when inserted in sand . The rooting time of different species were different ,to the Hibiscus rosa-sinensis ,except Hrosa-sinensis hort. non , the rooting time of different varieties were prolonged along with the increaseing of their chromosome numbers. The results also showed that hormones only had effect on the cuttings?stem and had no effect on the incision of the cuttings. 2. The morphological character of H schizopetalus and H rosa-sinensis were observed and some morphological character of Hrosa-sinensis hort. non was found to be between H schizopeta/us and H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慍arminatus? 3. Root tip, shoot apical meristem and pollen mother cell were used to prepared chromosome specimen , the results showed that root tip was the best material Good chromosome specimen was made by the method of enzymatic maceration After observed some cells, we considered that the chromosome numbers of Hschizopetalus, H Mutab i/is, Hrosa-sinensis hort. non, H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慏ouble Rainbow? Hrosa-sinensis L. cv. 慒lavo-plenus? non, H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慍arminatus?were 2n42, 2n=92, 2n=84, 2n105,2n138, 2n=447, respectively Ploidy relationship was found existing among H schizopetalus~ H rosa-sinensis hort. non, H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慏ouble Rainbow?and H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慍anninatus? The basic number of chromosome was x21 ,so H.schizopetalus was diploid, H.rosa-sinensis hort. non was tetraploid ,H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慏ouble Rainbow抴as pentaploid , H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慍arminatus?was heptaploid. 4. Stomatal guard cells of leafs lower epidermal of Hschizopetalus, H Mutab i/is, H rosa-sinensis were measured , the results showed that the width and length of stomatal guard cells added when the chromosome numbers added, and the chloroplast numbers of Hschizopetalus and Hrosa-sinensis also had this tendency. The length of stomatal guard cells of Hschizopetalus, Hrosa-sinensis hort. non, H Rosa- sinensis L. cv. 慏ouble Rainbow? Hrosa-sinensis L. cv. 慒lavo-plenus? non, H Rosa-sinensis L. cv. 慍arminatus?were 14.26 it ?.385~ 16.08 it ?.54~ 18.63 it ?.95~ 19.44 it ?.74621.10 it ?0.654 ,respectively, and the chloroplast numbers ofthoseplants were 11.28?.75~ 18.18?.12~ 21.98?.30~ 23.84?.84~ 25.57 52 ?0.85 respectively. 5. The zymogram patterns in various organs of the same plant such as H rosa- sinensis were compared, its showed that mature leaf, green stem and microspore were the suited materials for enzymes electrophoresis. The zymogram of Hrosa- sinensis L. cv. non not only had electropho...