| This dissertation focuses on the systematic of the subfamily Opiinae in Braconidae from China. It mainly consists of four parts: the general part, systematic part and phylogenetic analysis.In the general part, the research histroy and the present research status of Opiinae is briefly introduced on a worldwide basis. Different taxonomic systems and the opinions of different authors on the classification of the subfamily Opiinae are summarized. In addition, the general morphology of Opiinae is introduced. The briefly information on the host, biology and biological control are provided. Distribution of genera is analyzed by table and fiigs.In the systematic part, forty species of ten genera in two tribes from China are described in detail. One new genus, Truncatopius gen. nov. is proposed (type species: Truncatopius longidentis sp. nov.). 29 species are described as new to science: Ademon lechrilophodes sp. nov., Ademon xuthus sp. nov., Atoreuteus teretomus sp. nov., Diachasma adiastaltus sp. nov., Diachasma legnotos sp. nov., Diachasma incterotomus sp. nov., Diachasmimorpha ammanotus sp. nov., Diachasmimorpha bicolor sp. nov., Diachasmimorpha curvinervis sp. nov., Diachasmimorpha dicrocarinata sp. nov., Diachasmimorpha flavifacialis sp. nov., Diachasmimorpha melathorax sp. nov., Diachasmimorpha palleomaculata sp. nov., Eurytenes basinervis sp. nov., Eurytenes glabratus sp. nov., Eurytenes rugosulcus sp. nov., Eurytenes setoputeus sp. nov., Fopius mystrium sp. nov., Fopius oxoestos sp. nov., Fopius spanistriae sp. nov., Psyttalia brevisegmenta sp. nov., Psyttalia glabripleuralis sp. nov., Psyttalia hainanensis sp. nov., Psyttalia laterocavatus sp. nov., Psyttalia transtomus sp. nov., Truncatopius longidentis sp. nov., Utetes amplus sp. nov., Utetes fahringeri sp. nov., Utetes rugofacies sp. nov..Fifteen genera are newly recorded of China: Ademon Haliday, Apodesmia Foerster, Atoreuteus Foerster, Biosteres Foerster, Bitomoides van Achterberg, Bitomus Szepligeti, Chilotrichia Foerster, Desmiostoma Foerster, Diachasma Foerster, Eurytenes Foerster, Opiostomus Fischer, Phaedrotoma Foerster, Sternaulopius Fischer, Utetes Foerster., Xynobius Foerster One species is recorded for the first time to China: Fopius denticulifer (van Achterberg and Macto, 1990). Except for that fifteen newly recorded genera, there are two genera are newly recorded of mainland China: Diachasmimorpha Viereck and Fopius Wharton. One species is recorded for the first time to mainland China: Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905).The phylogenetic relationship of most genera of Opiinae based on the morphological characters are discussed. The cladistic analysis was conducted by PAUP*4.0 and Mrbays programs. The consensus trees is chosen to explain the relationship among the genera of Opiinae. The result shows that Opiinae is paraphyletic based on the morphological characters; Diachasmimorpha genera group including Doryctobracon Enderlein, ((Bitomus+Coleopius)+(Orientopius+Bitomoides)), (Chilotrichia+(Biosteres+Xynobius)) is monophyletic, respectively; some important sister-group relationship of genera are sustained. But its exact phylogenic relationship between between subtribe Opiina and Biosterina, Psyttalia and Opius s. 1., Phaedrotoma and Opius s. s., Apodesmia and Eurytenes, Bathystomus and Diachasma still keeps uncertain.The keys to species and brief descriptions of some genera and species from China are given as follows:1. Ademon Haliday, 1833 (newly recorded genus from China)1. propodeum with a longitudinal carina and a tranverse carina medially, carinate between propodeum and metapleuron, and with an oblique carina on lateral side of medio-longitudinal carina; vein r arising from the mid-point of pterostigma, SRI straight, end in front of its mid-point............................................................................................ A. lechrilophodes sp. nov.- propodeum with a short median carina anteriorly, finely punctuate, rugose and areolate, the median areola pentagenal and with a longitudinal carina posteriorly; vein r arising just behind the mid-point of pterostigma, SRI only present basal 1/3.... .....................................................................................................................................................................A. xuthus sp, nov.(1) Ademon lechrilophodes sp. nov. (fig. 1)Material. Holotype, 9, China,Naming, Guangxi province, 8.V.1982, Junhua He,No. 821320(ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to A. urinator, but can be separated from the latter in having vein r of fore wing arising from the mid-point of pterostigma; propodeum punctuate and rugose, with a longitudinal carina and a tranverse carina medially, and with an oblique carina on lateral side of medio-longitudinal carina; length of first tergite 1.3 times its apical width, its surface coarsely and densely punctate, with nearly longitudinal rugae, second tergite densely punctuate, the punctures tending to coalesce and giving the appearance of longitudinal rugae; Face, propodeum, propleuron, mesoscutum anteriorly yellowish-brown.(2) Ademon xuthus sp. nov. (fig. 2)Material. Holotype, (?), China, Zhushan, Hubei province, 28.â…§.1982, Junhua He, No. 824887 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to A. urinator and A. lechrilophodes sp. nov., but can be separated from the latter in having r arising just behind the mid-point of pterostigma, SRI only present basal third; propodeum with a short median carina anteriorly, finely punctuate, rugose and areolate, the median areola pentagenal and with a longitudinal carina posteriorly; length of first tergite 1.1 times its apical width, its surface coarsely and densely punctate, longitudinally rugose and sharp carinate on lateral margin; mesoscutum yellowish-brown.2. Atoreuteus Foerster. 1862 (newly recorded genus from China)(3) Atoreuteus teretomus sp. nov. (fig. 3)Material. Holotype, (?), China, Nanshan, Zhejiang province, 2.â…£.1982, Tiansheng Xu, No.826819 (ZJUH). Paratype (ZJUH), 1 (?), Nanshan, Zhejiang province, 2.â…£.1982, Tiansheng Xu, No.826820; 1 J, Nanshan, Zhejiang province, 2.â…£.1982, Tiansheng Xu, No.826821; 2 (?), Yuhang, Zhejiang province, 3.â…£.1981, Tiansheng Xu, No.880047; 1 (?), Yuhang, Zhejiang province, 3.â…£.1981, Tiansheng Xu, No.880049; 1 (?), Yuhang, Zhejiang province, 7.â…£.1980, Tiansheng Xu, No.816291.Note. This species is closely related to, but can be separated from the latter in having anterior tentorial pits medium-sized; antenna with 37 segments; mesoscutum smooth, setose confined notauli, remotely and finely punctate and setose medio-posteriorly; notauli shallow, narrow and crenulate, only present anterior 1/2; precoxal sulcus long, shallow, narrow and weakly crenulate, extend near but not reach the anterior margin of mesopleuron and the base of middle coxa; propodeum with a short median carina basal 1/4; first tergite finely and nearly longitudinally sculptured anteriorly and posteriorly, transversely and slightly depressed medially, length of it 1.9 times its apical width, its dorsal carinae only strong and flange-like basally, remainder finely, meeting medially, bifurcate posteriorly and reaching apex of tergite; second and the following tergites glabrous; body reddish brown to dark brown dorsally, brownish yellow ventrally; head yellowish brown.3. Diachasma Foerster, 1862 (newly recorded genus from China)1. ocelli strongly convex; frons leather-like; mesoscutum leather-like, middle-lobe densely setose and finely rugose posteriorly, and with a longitudinal carina medio-posteriorly; pronope absent; vein m-cu of fore wing antefurcal; second metasomaltergite finely and irregularly rugose and punctate; brownish yellow. China (Hunan).............................................................................................................................................................................................................................D. adiastaltus sp. nov.- ocelli not strongly convex; frons smooth; mesoscutum smooth; pronope deep and pit-lik; vein m-cu of fore wing postfurcal; second metasomal suture indistinct; yellowish brown............................................................................................................22. 4.1mm; length of vein 2CU-1 of fore wing 4.6 times vein 1-CU1, vein cu-a oblique; length of hind femu 3.0 times as long asits width; metasoma dark brown, but yellowish brown ventrally, laterally and posteriorly. China (Zhejiang)............................................................................................................................................................................................D. legnotos sp. nov.- 3.3mm; length of vein 2CU-1 of fore wing 6.0 times vein 1-CU1, vein cu-a vertical; length of hind femu 3.9 times as long asits width; metasoma yellowish brown except for first tergite. China (Hubei).....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................D, incterotonius sp. nov.(4) Diachasma adiastaltus sp. nov. (fig. 4)Material. Holotype, (?), China, Changsha, Hunan province, 12.â…£.1979, Xinwang Wang, No. 20044245 (ZJUH). Paratype, (?), China, Changsha, Hunan province, 12.â…£. 1979, Xinwang Wang, No. 20044246(ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to, but can be separated from the latter in having ocelli strongly convex; frons leather-like; eyes large and convex; anterior tentorial pits very small but distinct; pronope absent; mid-posterior depression absent; mesoscutum leather-like, with a long, narrow and longitudinal carina medio-posteriorly; m-cu antifurcal; second tergite irregularly, finely and densely sculptured and punctate, laterally smooth, nearly longitudinally sculptured apically and given a shallow depression along the second metasomal suture; third tergite sculptured and punctate as on second tergite, but only present anterior 1/3-1/2; ovipositor sheath 0.1 times forewing.(5) Diachasma incterotomus sp. nov. (fig. 5)Material. Holotype, (?), China, Songbai, Shennongjia, Hubei province, 19.â…¦.1997, Yuzhou Du, No. 975276 (ZJUH).Note. This species is related to rugosum (Wesmael, 1838) and D. legnotos sp. nov., but can be separated from the latter in having antenna with 27 segments; length of body 3.3 mm; notauli present anterior 1/3, remotely and weakly crenulate; side of pronotum crenulate dorso-anteriorly and ventrally; precoxal sulcus narrow and crenulate; propodeum with a short median carina basally, remaider irregularly sculptured; hind femur 3.9 times its width; length of vein 3SR about as long as vein 2SR; vein cu-a of fore wing nearly vertical; vein m-cu of hind wing present as an unpigment fold but indistinct; vein RS of hind wing indistinct; third metasomal tergite only sculptured just behind the second metasomal suture, remainder smooth; length of second tergite about 1.2 times third tergite; length of ovipositor sheath 0.2 times of fore wing; metasoma brownish yellow (except for first tergite), sculptured field of second and third tergites, fourth and fifth tergite anteriorly dark.(6) Diachasma legnotos sp. nov. (fig. 6)Material. Holotype, (?), China, Tianmushan, Zhejiang province, 2.â…¨.1987, Xuexin Chen, No. 877548 (ZJUH).Note. This species is related to rugosum (Wesmael, 1838), but can be separated from the latter in having antenna with 28 segments; notauli present anterior 1/3 and crenulate; side of pronotum crenulate anteriorly and ventrally; precoxal sulcus narrow and crenulate; propodeum with a short median carina basally, remaider irregularly sculptured; hind femur 3.0 times its width; length of vein 3SR about as long as vein 2SR; vein cu-a of fore wing oblique; vein m-cu of hind wing present as an unpigment fold; third metasomal tergite sculptured anterior 1/4, remainder smooth; length of second tergite about as long as third tergite; length of ovipositor sheath 0.15 times of fore wing; metasoma dark brown, but ventrally, laterally (except for first tergite) and posteriorly yellowish brown.4. Diachasmimorpha Viereck, 19131. Second tergite longitudinally sculptured; pronope small and shallow..................................................................................2Second tergite entirely smooth; pronope medium-sized and deep.......................................................................................52. Ovipositor sinuate apically...................................................................................................................................................3Ovipositor straight apically..................................................................................................................................................43. Vein SR of hind wing completely absent; propodeum with a long and strong median carina, with strong and reticulatesculptures medially and an irregular protuberance latero-posteriorly. China (Guizhou).................................................................................................................................................................................................................D.ammanotus sp. nov.Vein SR of hind wing present as an unpigmented fold and absent basally; propodeum with a short and strong mediancarina anteriorly, areolate medio-posteriorly, irregularly sculptured latero-posteriorly. China, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia,Thailand, Philippine, New Guinea, Hawaii, Australia...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................D. longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905)4. Notauli completely developed; length of ovipositor sheath as long as fore wing; hypopygium slightly surpassing apex ofmetasoma; mesopleuron and propodeum dark brown. China (Zhejiang)............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................D. bicolor sp. nov.Notauli deep at anterior third and obsolescent posteriorly; length of ovipositor sheath 0.6 times as long as fore wing;hypopygium not surpassing apex of metasoma; mesopleuron and propodeum orange. China (Zhejiang)...............................................................................................................................................................................D. palleomaculata sp. nov.5. Mandible normal, slightly twisted apically; medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum longitudinal................................6Mandible robust, not twisted apically; medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum pit-like and deep.................................76. Length of ovipositor sheath 1.2 times as long as fore wing; hypopygium medium-sized; length of hind femur 4.7 times as long as its width; medio-posterior depression deep; dorsal carinae of first metasomal tergite not reaching the apex of tergite.China (Zhejiang)..............................................................................................................................D. melathorax sp. nov.Length of ovipositor sheath 0.6 times as long as fore wing; hypopygium large; length of hind femur 3.3 times as long as its width; medio-posterior depression shallow; dorsal carinae of first metasomal tergite reaching the apex of tergite. China (Guizhou)......................................................................................................................................D. dicrocarinata sp. nov.7. First tergite of metasoma with a longitudinal carina medially; fore wing comparatively short, length of fore wing 1.3 times as long as body; propodeum yellowish orange and with a long median carina; length of vein 2-CU1 of fore wing 4.5 times as long as vein 1-CU1. China (Zhejiang, Sichuan)..........................................................D. flavifacialis sp. nov.- First tergite of metasoma without a distinct longitudinal carina medially; fore wing comparatively long, length of fore wing 1.5 times as long as body; propodeum largely brown, median carina short and present only anteriorly; length of vein 2-CU1 of fore wing 3.1 times as long as vein 1-CU1. China (Zhejiang)...........................................D. curvinervis sp. nov.(7) Diachasmimorpha ammanotus sp. nov. (Figs. 7)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Guiding, Guizhou province, 10.â…§.1979, Xianjin Zeng, No. 814487 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to D. longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905), but can be separated from the latter in having notauli complete, deep, wide and smooth, meeting and forming a triangular depression posteriorly, medio-posterior pit moderately deep, small and narrow teardrop-like, and a long and strong median carina throughout the propodeum.(8) Diachasmimorpha bicolor sp. nov. (Figs. 8)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Tianmushan, Zhejiang province, 2.â…¨.1987, Xuexin Chen, No. 877468 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to D. albobalteata (Cameron, 1912), but can be separated from the latter in having the face finely punctate, the antenna with 54 segments and the length of the third segment 2.1 times its width, the precoxal sulcus deep, wide and crenulate, the second tergite longitudinally sculptured and with a transversely smooth band medially, and the propodeum and all the tergites of metasoma dark brown.(9) Diachasmimorpha curvinervis sp. nov. (Figs.9)Material. Holotype, 9, China: Longwangshan, Anji, Zhejiang province, 24.â…¥.1996, Baoxin Zhang, No. 963514 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to D. longicauda (Shestakov, 1940), but can be separated from the latter in having the diameter of the posterior ocellus 2.2 times the post-ocellar line, the medio-posterior depression of the mesoscutm deep, the mesosternal sulcus shallow, narrow and crenulate, the length of the hind femur 3.2 times as long as its width, the metasoma dark brown, the fore femur pale brown, the humeral plate orange, and the propodeum brown.(10) Diachasmimorpha dicrocarinata sp. nov. (Figs. 10)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Jinding, Fanjingshan, Guizhou province, 12.â…¦.1993, Songlin Yao, No. 936706 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to D. aino (Watanabe, 1938), but can be separated from the latter in having the precoxal sulcus deep, wide and sculptured, the length of the femur of the hind leg 3.3 times as long as its width, the dorsal carinae of the first tergite strong basally and reaching the apex of the tergite, and the fore femur and the metasoma (but the first tergite brown) reddish brown.(11) Diachasmimorpha flavifacialis sp. nov. (Figs. 11)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Longwangshan, Anji, Zhejiang province, 25.â…¥.1996, Baoxin Zhang, No. 963584 (ZJUH). Paratype, 1(?), China: Qingyinge, Emeishan, Sichuan province, 13.â…¥.1957, Keren Huang, No. IOZ (E) 617414 (IZAS).Note. This species is closely related to D. curvinervis sp. nov., but can be separated from the latter in having the vein m-cu of the hind wing slightly curved posteriorly; the first tergite of the metasoma with a longitudinal carina medially; the fore wing comparatively short, the length of the fore wing 1.3 times as long as the body; the propodeum yellowish orange and with a long median carina; and the length of vein 2-CU1 of fore wing 4.5 times as long as vein 1-CU1.(12)Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905) (newly recorded species from mainland China)(13) Diachasmimorphamelathorax sp. nov. (Figs. 12)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Tianmushan, Zhejiang province, 4.â…¥.1994, Xuexin Chen, No. 948751 (ZJUH).Note. This species is related to D, budrysi van Achterberg, 1999, but can be separated from the latter in having pleural sulcus crenulate completely, length of femur of hind leg 4.7 times as long as its width, dorsal carinae of first tergite not reaching apex of tergite, mesosoma and metasoma orange (with the first tergite blackish).(14) Diachasmimorpha palleomaculata sp. nov. (Figs. 13)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Xianrending, Tianmushan, Zhejiang province, 17-18.â…¤.1988, Xuexin Chen, No. 882441 (ZJUH). Paratope, 1(?), China: Xianrending, Tianmushan, Zhejiang province, 2-4.â…¥. 1990, Haijun Hu, No. 901124 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to the D. carinata species group (Wharton, 1997), but can be separated from the latter in having the metasoma brown, and the ventral teeth of the ovipositor obsolescent.5. Eurytenes Foerster, 1862 (newly recorded genus from China)1. Vein r of fore wing arising from extreme base of pterostigma and about as long as vein 2-SR; metasoma brown, medianpart of each tergite brownish yellow. China (Zhejiang).......................................................................E, basinervis sp. nov.Vein r of fore wing arising from the subbasal part of pterostigma and much shorter than vein 2-SR; colour of metasoma variable............................................................................................................................................................................... 22. Precoxal sulcus weakly sculptured; notauli completely present; middle lobe of mesoscutum with a pair of grooves parallelto notauli. China (Fujian).................................................................................................................E. rugosulcus sp. nov.Precoxal sulcus smooth or absent; notauli at most present anteriorly; middle lobe of mesoscutum glabrous, without grooves ............................................................................................................................................................................ 33. Face near inner side of eyes punctate; notauli present on its anterior half, mid-posterior depression of mesoscutum pit-likeand setose around. China (Guizhou)...................................................................................................E. setoputeus sp. nov.Face near inner side of eyes without punctures; notauli absent; mid-posterior depression of mesoscutum at most present only as a narrow shallow and longitudinal groove. China (Guizhou)...................................................E. glabratus sp. nov.(15) Eurytenes basinervis sp. nov. (figs. 14)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Fengyangshan, Zhejiang province, 12.â…§.1984, Lirong Shen, No. 843501 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to E. orientalis Fischer, but can be separated from the latter in having the propodeum irregularly sculptured, without median carina, precoxal sulcus deep, smooth, not reaching base of middle coxa. (Fischer 1966, 1987)(16) Eurytenes glabratus sp. nov. (figs. 15)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Jinding, Fanjingshan, Guizhou province, 12.â…¦. 1993, Songlin Yao, No. 936904 (ZJUH). Paratype: 1 (?), same locality as holotype, 14.â…¦.1993, Xuexin Chen, No. 939436 (ZJUH).Note. This species belongs to the subgenus Stigmatopoea Fischer, 1998 of the genus Eurytenes by the characters of its clypeus, mandible and precoxal sulcus, but can be separated from the other described species in this subgenus by having the antenna with 38 segments, vein m-cu of fore wing postfurcal, vein 2-SR+M and submarginal cell of fore wing comparatively short, precoxal sulcus smooth; notauli absent, only with a narrow shallow and longitudinal mid-posterior depression; and propodeum irregularly rugose posteriorly. (Fischer 1959, 1972)(17) Eurytenes rugosulcus sp. nov. (figs. 16)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Wuyishan, Fujian province, 1.â…¤.1989, Jiashe Wang, No.964337 (ZJUH). Paratype: 1 (?), same locality as holotype, 15.â…¨.1989, Jiashe Wang, No.964460 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to E. stigmaticus (Fischer), but can be separated from the latter in having the face near the inner side of the eye punctate; malar space 1.4 times as long as basal width of mandible; notauli completely present, setose, and its anterior third crenulate, smooth medially and finely punctate posteriorly; and precoxal sulcus slightly sculptured. (Fischer 1972)(18) Eurytenes setoputeus sp. nov. (figs. 17)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Jinding, Fanjingshan, Guizhou province, 13.â…¦.1993, Xuexin Chen, No. 938801 (ZJUH).Note. This species is similar to E. glabratus sp. nov., but can be separated from the latter and other species in subgenus Stigmatopoea in having the face near the inner side of eye punctate; pronope large, deep and oval-form; notauli present on its anterior half; and precoxal sulcus absent. (Fischer 1959,1972)6. Fopius Wharton, 19871. Occipital carina absent completely. China (Zhejiang)............................................................................F. oxoestos sp. nov.Occipital carina present laterally..........................................................................................................................................22. Sencond tergite smooth, without sculptures.........................................................................................................................3Second tergite more or less sculptured.................................................................................................................................43. Ovipositor 1.4 times as long as fore wing; hind femur about 4 times as long as wide; antenna with 41-46 segments. China(Zhejiang), Eastern Russia, Japan ...........................................................F. denticlifer (van Achterberg and Macto, 1990)Ovipositor 1.1 times as long as fore wing; hind femur about 5 times as long as wide; antenna with about 50 segments. China (Taiwan) ................................................................................................................. F. taiwanicus (Fischer, 1975)4. Clypeus without median projection ventrally.......................................................................................................................5Clypeus with a median projection ventrally more or less.....................................................................................................65. Ovipositor slender and smooth apically, narrowed subapically. China (Taiwan), India, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia,Hawaii, Australia.................................................................................................................F. arisanus (Sonan, 1932)Ovipositor parallel-sided, not narrowed subapically and with a small node dorsally. China (Taiwan), India, Indonesia, Philippines..............................................................................................................F. vandenboschi (Fullaway, 1952)6. Body brownish-yellow; length of ovipositor sheath 0.8 times as long as length of forewing; ovipositor apically slightly swelling dorsally and narrowed subapically; vein m-cu of hind wing slightly sinuated; postpectal carina ridge-likemedio-ventrally. China (Hainan) .....................................................................................................F. spanistriae sp. nov.Body blackish-brown; length of ovipositor sheath 0.4 times as long as length of forewing; ovipositor apically with an indistinct dorsal protuberance and two ventral teeth, not narrowed subapically; vein m-cu of hind wing nearly straight; postpectal carina normal, not ridge-like medio-ventrally. China (Hubei)............................................F. mystrium sp. nov.(19) Fopius denticulifer (van Achterberg and Macto, 1990) (newly recorded species from China)(20) Fopius mystrium sp. nov. (figs. 18)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Songluo, Shennongjia, Hubei province, 28.â…§.1982, Junhua He, No. 825801 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to F. deeralensis (Fullaway, 1950), but can be separated from the latter in having frons densely and heavily punctate and setose; ovipostor parallel-sided and with a little protuberance apically, ovipostor sheath 0.4 times as long as forewing and 2.7 times as long as first metasomal tergite.(21) Fopius oxoestos sp. nov. (figs 19)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Fatou, Deqing, Zhejiang province, 27.V.1995, Junhua He, No. 957552 (ZJUH); Paratype, 1(?), China: Fatou, Deqing, Zhejiang province, 27.V.1995, Junhua He, No. 957416 (ZJUH)Note. This species is closely related to F. ruficornis (Granger, 1949), but can be separated from the latter in having mesosoma entirely orange, ovipositor with a protubrance dorsally; propodeum with a large flabellate area posteriorly.(22) Fopius spanistriae sp. nov. (figs. 20)Material. Holotype, (?), China: Jianfengling, Hainan province, 22.â…¦.1997, Ping Cai, No. 973369 (ZJUH).Note. This species is closely related to F. arisanus (Sonan, 1932), but can be separated from the latter in having clypeus with a small and indistinct projection ventrally, postpectal carina short and ridge-like medio-ventrally, ovipositor comparatively short, its sheath 0.8 times forewing and 4.9 times first metasomaltergite.7. Opiolastes van Achterberg and Chen, 2004 (23) Opiolastes hei van Achterberg and Chen, 20048. Psyttalia Walker, 18601. Mandible abruptly narrowed apically. China (Jilin, Fujian)...............................................P. externa Weng et Chen. 2001- Mandible not abruptly narrowed apically.................................................................................................................................22. Vein m-cu of fore wing interstitial of antefurcal.......................................................................................................................3- Vein m-cu of fore wing postfurcal.............................................................................................................................................73. Second metasomal tergite not strongly shortened, length of it subequal to third tergite. China (Gansu)..................................................................................................................................................................................P.romani (Fahringer, 1934)Second metasomal tergite strongly shortened, length of it shorter than third tergite...............................................44. Vein m-cu of fore wing stongly curved posteriorly, first subdiscal cell strongly widened apically. China (Taiwan), India, Sri Lanka, Philippine, New Guinea, Fidschi island, Hawaii, porto rico.........................................P.fletcheri (Silvestri, 1916)- Vein m-cu of fore wing slightly curved posteriorly, first subdiscal cell not strongly widened apically....................................55. Vein m-cu of fore wing interstitial, vein 2-SR+M and 1-CU1not thickened; second metasomal tergite finely punctate. China (China)............................................................................................................................................... P. hainanensis sp. nov.- Vein m-cu of fore wing antefurcal, vein 2-SR+M and 1-CU1 thickened; second metasomal tergite smooth...........................66. Length of vein r of fore wing as long as vein 2-SR, and vein cu-ajust as long as vein 1-CUl, pterostigma pale yellow basally; antrnna yellow. China (Taiwan), Philippine, Thailand.........................................................................P. makii (Sonan, 1932)Length of vein r of fore wing about 0.5 time of vein 2-SR, and vein cu-ajust longer than vein 1-CU1, pterostigma dark brown completely; antrnna dark brown. China (Shaanxi)...................................................................P. transtomus sp. nov.7. Vein r of fore wing araising from the mid-point of pterostigma, first subdiscal cell widened apically, vein cu-a vertical, and with a dark patch near vein CU1-b; second metasomal tergite leather-like. China (Henan)...............P. laterocavatus sp. nov.- Vein r of fore wing araising in front of the mid-point of pterostigma, first subdiscal cell not widened apically, vein cu-a oblique, and without a dark patch near vein CUl-b; second metasomal tergitesmooth...........................................................88. Malar suture absent ventrally, propleuron punctate; length of vein SRI of fore wing 9.5 times vein r, vein 1-SR+M nearly straight; vein SR of hind wing completely absent; length of hind tibia 6.5 times of its width; mesopleuron black. China (Jilin)................................................................................................................................................P. glabripleuralis sp. nov.
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