Extracting Landscape Class Information And Analyzing Landscape Patterns Based On RS And GIS

Global environment change influences people's inhabitation environment (landscape) in local and region scale, and people's activities change local land cover and landscape patterns by difference ways in use, moreover this impels global environment change. So, analyzing local landscape patterns can make help to research the global environment change. The affected-area of the west route scheme of South to North Water Transfer Project is located in the southeast of Tibetan plateau, where the altitude is high. Therefore, it is practical and necessary if we apply the remote sensing and GIS to analyze the landscape pattern of the study area.In this article, we select the arid river valley, which lies in upriver of Da Du river of the affected-area of the west route scheme of South to North Water Transfer Project, as study area. The materials we used include an image of Landsat ETM+, scale of 1:100000 topographic map, pertinent data collected and data of field investigation. By a series of data processing to remote sensing image, we extract the landscape class information of this study area. By calculating different levels landscape indices and analyzing the landscape patterns quantificationally, we can draw some conclusions as follow:1 .Taking data-fusion technology to ETM+ data collected. It has finally choosed the fusion multispectral band and panchromatic band of ETM+ with SFIM transform, after comparing IHS transform PCT transform and SFIM transform.2.In the process of extracting landscape class information, we trialself-organization feature map neural network and maximum likelihood classification. Through the compare to the result, we take maximum likelihood classification combined information of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and texture as the final methods, which we use to distil the landscape class information.3.Through analyzing different levels landscape indices, we find that the total landscape patterns is "matrix—corridor—patch" landscape structure, and alms are the matrix, rivers are the corridor, others are the patches; In the study area, landscape class is rich, landscape diversity and fragmentation is high, the shape of landscape patches is anomalistic and high complicated; landscape classes distribute perpendicularly as the altitude increasing.