Study On Landscape Dynamics Of The Northern Coastal Zone In Wenchang City, Hainan

The coastal zone is one of the most active natural surface regions, and is a fragileecotone, extremely sensitive to environment respondence. With the population growth andunconscionable exploitation to resources, there have been increasingly serious eco-problems,such as habitat fragmentation, environmental pollution, vegetation reverse succession, etc.Ecological studies of the coastal zone are widely concerned.The meaning of landscape ecological analysis consists in understanding the relationshipbetween human activity and variation of landscape pattern, whose core is landscape dynamicvariation. The analysis of coastal landscape dynamic and its ecological effects will contributeto accurately evaluating coastal ecological conditions and connection with humanexploitation and construction, which provides technical aids and theoretical foundation forreasonable exploitation of coastal resources and eco-environment protection.Based on 1993, 1999 and 2004 TM, ETM+ and SPOT5 satellite images, this paperselects the northern coastal zone of Wenchang in Hainan province as the study area, and withthe technique of remote sensing and GIS employed, researches its landscape dynamicvariation according to macroscopical and microcosmic two views. From the macroscopicalpoint of view, the author chooses 16 landscape indexes, such as NP, PD, IJI, CONTAG, AI,SHDI, SHEI, etc, to explain landscape matrix changes of study area in the short period (11years). And then the author employs the Markov conversion matrix model to analysislandscape pattern evolvement from the natural landscape to the artificial landscape, andadopts the barycenter transfer model to analysis the spatial transference of 10 landscapeelements. From the microcosmic point of view, using spatial transference of time serial, theauthor samples the coastal soil and water of study area to assay. The results indicate that in 11years landscape changing speed of the study area is expedited, the trendency of landscapefragmentation is aggravate and promotes the "mining and constructing upland aquacultureponds in the coastal zone ---destroying defend-coast forest ---land desertification ---eco-environment worsening" reverse succession. In this succession process, human activitiesare the most active and the most important driving force.