The Study About Sandstorm Formation And Operation Mechanism Of The Ebinur Lake Dry Lakebed

Ebinur Lake in Xinjiang province has become one of the largest sources of dust storms.Each part of the dry Ebinur lakebed is different in water,terrain and year.In this paper, the dry Ebinur lakebed is divided into four different regions:Vegetation coverage region,Osteoporosis bare soil region,salt and mud region and fisstured region.According to Aerosal Index statistical datas,the change of Ebinur lake area reversely correlate with dust storms days.When the area of the lake increase 1km~2, the average number of dust storms days will reduce 0.08d,but,when the area of the lake reduce 1km~2,the average number of dust storms days will increase 0.5d.The basic materials of dust storms are the existence of a large number of sand sources.When Ebinur surface of dry lakebed was researched.This paper used hierarchical classification method and extracted various distribution information of surface from satellite images.Vegetation mainly distributes in the water well area,such as near the overflowing dots of the springs.There are two areas, one is in the west around the springs Wulandabusen,it's area is 9.33km~2.Another is in the eastern margin of Alluvial Fan from the margin of ku Xia Ji ditch to the margin of laba estuary.It is zonal distribution.It's length is about 14.26km,and It's width is about 0.67km.Cracking bare soil areas are mainly located in the northwest of the dry Ebinur lakebed,it's area is 157.97km~2.Salt and mud region is located in around the low-lying and the dry Ebinur lakebed.It's area is 55.64km~2.Osteoporosis bare soil region is mainly located in the middle of the dry Ebinur lakebed.It's area is 252.70km~2.The stormy weather is another factor of dust storms.According to statistical characteristics of wind velocity and direction at Ebinur Lake dry lakebed.Total wind sand is 5293m/s·a.Synthesis wind sand is 1200m/s·a.Wind period is mainly from April to July.The higher frequency start-up wind mainly concentrates in the three points. They are 0:00 to 1:00, 10:00 to 13:00, 15:00 to 23:00.Through field observations ,we confirm that Critical wind–up dust is around 5m/s (2.0m height)in Osteoporosis bare soil region.According to the physical and chemical properties of different surface,the point of sources of sandstorms is located in Osteoporosis bare soil region.This paper applicates Pasak wind equation as Wind Erosion Model to calculate Wind Erosion of the dry Ebinur lakebed.As a result,Wind Erosion of the dry Ebinur lakebed is 8.8964 million ton every year and this paper validates this value by the amount of DEM Excavation.This paper uses the dust index of DSI to extracte informations from the dust storms of Ebinur Lake dry lakebed.Compared to sand running road in china, Ebinur Lake dry lakebed sand road running is the part of the second and third sand running road in china.For one, the dust of Ebinur region is along the Jinghe,southern Tacheng,Shawan County, arrives in Urumqi, southeastly moves to west Turpan city, and then links up with Dust of the Tarim Basin in Hami,arrives Jiuquan, and then enters Zhangye City.This road is mainly passing road.For another,the dust of Ebinur Lake dry lakebed enters into Mongolia, along Shanxi Province, Shanxi Province and Hebei Province,crosses Yanshan into Beijing.