| The Geo-information Tupu is the application and the development of Tupu in the Geography. It is a kind of method, by which through the remote sensing, the computer charting the geographic information system and the digital Earth's massive numerical information, the phenomenon space shape structure and the space and time change rule from the Earth system and their essential factors are shown, after the process of the graph thought and the abstract summary, and using the computer multi-dimensional and dynamic visualization technology. Simultaneously, this kind of geometric figure may carry on the inference, the inversion and the forecast through analysis of the space model and the geo-cognition, then forms deeper level understanding to the thing and the phenomenon, thus summarizes the scientific rule. The city space expansion research is one of hot spots about city research at present. The expanding unceasingly for the city scale is the most direct performance to the city expanding. Through exploring the city expansion mechanism, we may intuitively analyze, trace the spatial dynamic characteristic which the city expands, and then grasp rule which the city expands.Taking the multiple source remote sensing phantom as the main information source, and the geographic information system as the technical support, utilizing the certain theories and the method of the Geo-information atlas, a series of multi-dimensional visual city space expanding atlas are established, which is the extremely important method in the city expansion research. Through those atlases, we can study the space and time distribution characteristic of cities in the different spatial criterion, dynamically analyzing the process of the city growth, gather and the proliferation, carry on the analysis and the research to the city space and time variation process, and promulgate rule which the city expands to provide the policy-making basis for the urban planning and development.In this article, based on the concept and analysis methods of the Geo-information atlas, choosing Xi'an's built-up urban area as the study object, using the multi-time remote sensing images as well as the historical graphic document, each time statistical data and other certain related special data about Xi'an, taking the geographic information system as the technical support, utilizing the certain theories and the methods of Geo-information atlas, a series of Geo-information atlas have been established to reflect the city expanding change Xi'an built-up district during then recent 70 years. And using that atlas, the spatial pattern and expanding rule of the built-up urban area has been studied on the different stage, the different direction and the different spatial unit. In other words, doing from the aspect of the geographic information system spatial analysis, using some index, such as space expanding speed, expanding contribution rate, expansion intensity, a series of expansion atlas are established about the urban development process to demonstrate the evolving rule of the city in the space and direction, as well as the city expansion direction, the rate of expansion, the expansion distance and the expansion intensity in the urban development process, and then by which the city' s expansion and development course can be known and understood. Finally the city spatial expansion condition, characteristic, and driving influence factor have been analyzed about Xi'an city from 1930 to 2002, during the almost 70 years.Those have been proved that,1. The remote sensing image and data are an important origin of the modern geography information. They have already been used more and more often in the city researches. In this article, the threemethods---the NDBI, the supervision classification, the man-machine interaction visual interpretation have been explored to analyze and distil the space and time information about the built-up urban area: The remote sensing images from every wave band have been carried on the statistical analysis and the wave band computation with this model based on the NDBI, while supervision classification and the man-machine interaction visual interpretation are all the traditional methods. In my paper, these three methods are used synthetically to withdraw accurately the built-up district information in the target areas.2. The data is an important part of the geographic information system. The entire geographic information system revolves the gathering, processing, memory, analysis and the performance of the spatial data. This article geography space data format selects the document method to save, namely using the second generation of space data format, uniformly saved as the SHP form document; Other data, like statistical data, then saved as the XLS form; The scanning graphic documents are done as the GeoTiff form, which results in the spatial data can been used and shared in many kinds of software.3. The geographic information system owns the formidable spatial analysis function, therefore by which the built-up district information and each time historical data coming from the remote sensing images can been integrated in the geographic information system to conduct the atlas research. According to the space and time data of the built-up urban area, using the methods like the superimposition analysis and the buffer analysis and so on, a series of Geo-information atlas have been made which date are saved as the space and time data storage form in the geographic information system, which would provide the powerful technical support to the space and time characteristic analysis of the expanding about Xi'an city.4. This article has established the Xi'an built-up district expansion condition atlas, the Xi'an city expansion contribution rate atlas, the city expansion intensity graduation atlas, the expansion intensity distribution condition atlas, the biggest expansion intensity atlas, which would be used for opening out the evolvement rule of the built-up urban area in the space and the direction in the urban development process, and which be also used for showing the index, for example the expansion direction, rate of expansion, expansion distance, expansion intensity. By those data, the development course of some city expansion can be known and understood. Finally, the condition and the characteristics of city space expanding have been analyzed about Xi'an city from 1930 to 2002, nearly long to 70 years.5. The essence of the city space expansion is that the city has been moving spatially under the inside and outside dynamic action in the urban development. The internal and external power which the city space expands mainly include: population, the growth of the economic output, policy, laws, regulations, the guidance of urban planning, environment restriction, traffic and so on. Those multitudinous factors from politics, society, economy, environment are actually indiscerptible, which joint forces has precisely formed the Xi'an city space expansion at present.
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