Genetic Law In General Population

Population genetics researching hereditary constitution of organism population and its changing law is a branch of genetics. In this subject, theoretical research is prior to experimental research is its particularity. In this paper, the genetic mechanisms of a couple of allele, multiple alleles and two couples of alleles of a common population have been estalished, Common population and inbreeding population have been relatively analysed and contrasted as well. At the same time, law of dynamic state of a couple of allele under mutation pressure have been elaborated. Conclusions as follows have been drawn from the research of genetic mechanisms of a common population:First. Theory of heredity of common population and a series of mahtematical models of it have been established.Second. Equilibrium time changes with the common population's panmixia ratio varying.Generally, whether the panmixia ratio is large or small, the population reaches to equilibrium after 1-10 generations. So the population under natural conditions can be deemed to equilibrium population. Hereditary constitution of a population that doesn't conform to Hardy—Weinberg equilibrium can be explained by the equilibrium of common population in the research of population genetics.Third. The panmixia ratio is an important parameter of a common population, there is a positive correlation between the frequency of heterozygote and it, at the same time, a negative correlation between the frequency of homozygote and it. When the frequencies of two alleles are equal, the frequency of heterozygote is highest. when r=1/2 and the frequencies of two alleles are equal, the frequency of three kinds of genotypes are equal; when the panmixia ratio and gene frequency are given, hereditary constitution of a population can be quantificationally analysed.Fourth. The genetic mathematical models (namely model 3.1, 3.13 and 3.27) of a couple of allele, multiple alleles and two couples of alleles of common population are mathematical models of nonequilibrium population, and they can be converted into mathematical models of panmixia population and nonequilibrium selfing population. So it is a representative for the nonequilibrium plant population. Mathematical model 3.7, 3.16 and 3.30 are the mathematical model of a equilibrium population, and they can be converted into mathematical models of panmixia population and nonequilibrium selfing population. So it is a representative for the equilibrium plant population. Common population is a representative population.Fifth. By the contrast between common population and inbreeding population, we know that the sameness of them are they all take the population for the synthesis of panmixia and selfing or inbreeding. It is the differentia that three kinds of genotypes frequency of panmixia parts of common population are constant in every generation,but variable in selfing part. The panmixia part and selfing part are all variable in inbreeding population.Sixth. Other parameters and models are different except gene frequency p and q are same in common population's equilibrium model (3) and Laite's equilibrium model (2) when population are in equilibrium.Seventh. The panmixia ratio and inbreeding coefficient are in curved correlation when the population are in equilibrium, and under certain conditions they can converted into each other. The relational expression as follows: F=(1-r)/(1+r)) .Eighth. when population are in equilibrium, at the same time"r=0 and F=1"or"r=1 and F=0", they have the same influence on the genotype frequency. When 0F>0, there is a curved correlation between the panmixia ratio and three kinds of genotype frequency, as to inbreeding coefficient,linear correlation. When the panmixia ratio vary from 0 to 1, its influence on the genotype frequency are lessening, as for inbreeding coefficient, it is constant.Ninth. When population are in noneequilibrium, if we know the genotype frequency of one generation of common population, the genotype frequency of the next or any generation can be calculated on the basis of the panmixia ratio and gene frequency directly. but as to inbreeding population, it can only be calculated on the basis of inbreeding coefficient of the same generation.Tenth. A series of mathematical model of genetic mechanism of common population have been established,they are mathematical description of genetic mechanism of common population, so the population that the population genetics researching have extended from panmixia population, inbreeding population,selfing population to common population. It will start the new research territory of population genetics and promote its development.