Research On Analysis And Application Of Spatial Distribution Characteristics Of The Town Point Group Based On Fractal Dimension Method

The spatial pattern of the cartographic point group is usually divided into three types, which are even distribution, random distribution and aggregation distribution. Fractal geometry theory based on fractal dimension provides a quantitative method for spatial evenness characteristic analysis on cartographic point group. But research shows that in practice the cartographic point group usually shows unevenness local fractal characteristic. So the traditional method mainly based on whole fractal characteristic analysis can hardly describe the local one. This paper puts forward a Meta Fractal Dimension Model (abbreviated as MFDM) based on the extended analysis of fractal geometry theory, that can be applied into the spatial evenness analysis on the town point group. The analysis software of the MFDM is developed on the platform visual studio 6.0, which has discussed the description mechanism of the evenness degree of the town point group and has had an analysis on the partial difference and the relationship of the point which are in the same distribution pattern. It has proved that the MFDM which makes the fractal method an expansion shows good analytical ability for spatial distribution characteristics of the cartographic point group through the experiments. On the one hand, the experiment's results of meta fractal dimensions can quantitatively reveal the spatial distribution characteristics, which remedy the deficiency of the traditional analytical method. On the other hand, the distribution histogram and profile curve of MFD, which in the meantime thinks about macro-scope and micro-scope analysis, can further detect the internal spatial distribution pattern of these original points. So the method of the MFDM may be adopted to analyze the spatial evenness characteristics of the cartographic point group quantitatively and the research of the method is helpful to promote the application of the fractal geometry theory in geography and cartography.In this paper, the MFDM is applied to measure the spatial structure of 1,850 towns and blocks quantitatively using 2005 Jiangsu foundational data. Based on many experiments, several conclusions have been drawn in this paper. Firstly, the Meta fractal dimension index which is between 0 and 2 can quantitatively describe the evenness characteristics of the town point group. The higher the value of the meta fractal dimension, the evener the distribution is. And Conversely the lower the value of the meta fractal dimension, the less evener the distribution is. Secondly, the meta fractal dimension can be regarded as an analytical index for partition experiment of the spatial evenness degree and profile analysis, and a good effect has obtained. Finally, the meta fractal dimension has been compared to the urbanization index, which shows that they have a well corresponding relation. So an estimate model of the meta fractal dimension has been constructed based on the urbanization index. The study of this paper reveals that the MFDM of the town point group is an expansion to the fractal analysis method and its application. The MFDM of town point group is effective to discover the variation of the local spatial distribution characteristics on a certain scale, which provides a new approach for the analysis of the spatial even characteristics of the town point group.