The Analysis Of Zoige Plateau Alpine Wetland's Landscape Pattern Based On RS And GIS

Wetland has various ecosystem functions and economy,society value. It is a nature resource treasury and capital that mankind relying for existence and development. Recently, the research about wetland has become an emphasis subject and study field. China has the world's largest plateau wetland and glacier resource which are distributed mainly through Tibetan Plateau and Yungui Plateau. The water store, water recharge and climate regulation are the important ecological functions of plateau wetland. Now the degradation phenomenon of plateau wetland became obvious due to the comprehensive natural and human factors,. This paper extracted wetland resources of Zoige Plateau and analyzed the wetland landscape pattern evolution process by the support of landscape ecology theory using four period multi-source remote sensing data including MSS of the mid-seventies, TM of 1990's metaphase, ETM of 2000, CBERS of 2006.The main research contents includes as the following:(1)Remote sensing monitoring of multi-temporal wetland resources. Different colors synthesized to MSS, TM, ETM CBERS images established interpretation keys for different wetland , extracts wetland information of 1970s, 1990's metaphase, 2000, 2006 by the visual interpreting It shows that the shrinking wetland area of research area is aggravating.(2)The analysis of wetland landscape pattern. According to the principles of landscape ecology, the paper had analyzed the wetland landscape pattern using landscape pattern index to understand the wetland changes of research area. The results indicate that the degree of fragmentation of the whole wetland landscape is increasing, that means some types of landscape have constantly divided and differentiated; and it has the higher dominance index and the evenness index is lower than 0.5, the results show that there are some predominance types of wetland landscape in this area, peat swamp is in a dominant position, other types make up of only a small proportion .(3)The analysis of landscape fragmentation process. We found that fragmentation is major character of wetland changes according to the results of landscape analysis, this paper has analyzed the fragmentation process of wetland landscape including patch fragmentation process and spatial fragmentation process ,summarized the characteristics of wetland fragmentation.(4)On the basis of analyzing the data in existence, we gained the following conclusion: both natural factors and human factors caused the landscape pattern change, such as climate factors, geological factors, canalizing drainage, over-grazing, mining peat and so on; aimming at these degradation driving factors, we put forward some countermeasures.