Physical Simulation Experiment Research Into The Destroyed Mechanism On The Cliff Mass Of Jiaohe Ruins

As one of the first batches of state emphasis cultural relic unit, Jiaohe ruins is a famous cultural city on the Silk Road. The earthen site cultural relic has been preserved in best condition at present as well as a typical representation of earthen architecture site at home and abroad. However, suffered from the nature and human activities during the past 2000 years, Jiaohe ruins has been destroyed seriously and in imminent danger. Especially the cliff mass which the earthen architecture site lies on has been badly destroyed and has developed many joint and unloading fissures, most parts has been collapsed. In order to protect and strengthen the cliff mass, an in-depth study on the destroyed mechanism of Jiaohe cliff is extremely urgent.In this thesis, survey and investigate on several typical area including area 17, area 26, area30 and area 41 have been done according to the geological environment character about Jiaohe ruins and how the cliff has been destroyed. It suggest that Particular stratum of lacustrine sediments, weather of arid desert area together with violent wind erosion are the essential matters which caused the cliff of Jiaohe ruins destroyed. Besides, the substance composition, structure, physical and kinetic character of Jiaohe cliff have been studied by means of field work, laboratory experiment, Scanning Electron Microscopic(SEM) and sound wave measurement. It posts that the cliff mass mostly make up of powdery clay and sand, it has high strength in dry environment but laigh when it meets with water because of the powdery clay may break down.Based on all researches above, taking area 17 as the primary study object and considering other area conditions as well, a general model of the cliff has been devised and has been used for the first time to study the destroyed mechanism of the cliff mass. The result shows that violent wind erosion is the primary factor that caused damage to the cliff mass. Crannies produced by onloading and infirm gravel part are the key stratum which is inclined to be destroyed. Under the affection of these two matters, the cliff mass may easily collapsed primarily in patterns of raving about, stagger discon-nexion and slippage. Finally, to attest the reliability of the physical simulation experiment, finite element software ANSYS has been used to re-act the simulation process. It proves that physical simulation experiment and numerical simulation analysis are matched well. Furthermore, each phase of physical simulation experiment provides a probable original model to the numerical simulation.