Research And Application Of Carbonate Rocks Physics

With the rapid development of the national economy, the demand for energy is urgent. Crude oil imports accounted for 52% of our needs in 2009, so, we must try as quickly as possible to increase our reserves and production of oil and gas resources. After industry research and production practice for many years, the result is that carbonate is the main hydrocarbon reservoirs. Due to the strong heterogeneity of the carbonate rocks and strong regional research, the basic research achievement of carbonate and successful examples are few. So, it is necessary to study the physical properties of carbonate rocks. This article has taken the carbonate rocks as the main object of study, carried out the following researches, and obtained the important knowledge:Firstly, this paper has introduced the selection, production and measurement of the carbonate rock samples, the basic principles of MTS rock physical testing system, as well as the measurement methods of petro-physical parameters and acoustic parameters.Secondly, taking rock physical testing data as main object of study, the paper has analyzed the influential factors including temperature, pressure, porosity, density and fluid saturation on P-wave and S-wave velocities of the carbonate rocks, obtained the result that P-wave and S-wave velocities are affected by many factors. This paper established the seismic rock physics models including the relationship of velocity and pressure, velocity and temperature, velocity and density, velocity and fluid saturation, velocity and porosity, velocity and penetration.Thirdly, this paper research the mechanism of seismic wave attenuation and the effect including temperature, pressure and fluid saturation on porous rocks attenuation, obtaining the result that the change rate of P-wave and S-wave quality factor in fluid rock sample is much higher than P-wave and S-wave velocities, demonstrating that dynamics parameters Response to change are more obvious than kinematics parameters, which provide an experimental basis for dynamics characteristics widely used in method research of seismic waves and fluid identification.Finally, the author has summarized the implementation procedure of Biot-Gassmann theory and fluid substitution based on effective medium theory. This paper carried on the fluid substitution of"water to gas"into the actual log information, using quantitative cross plot technique, analyzing the two properties parameters, obtaining the sensible parameters of the identification of gas and water, which provide reasonable guide for process and interpretation of seismic data.