Plant Community Characteristics And Silvicultural Countermeasures In The Southern Mountainous Region Of Jinan City

Jinan is famous for"Spring City". The southern mountainous region supplements groundwater to the springs of Jinan City, and it become the back garden of Jinan City relying on plant resources and location advantages, which is composed of complementary and mutually reinforcing areas of the travel and leisure together with the springs'landscape. The plants growing in the mountains are important landscape resources which can produce food, medicine and provide raw materials for industrial and agricultural production. At the same time, they have some more important ecological functions, such as water conservation, soil retention, fixing carbon, and releasing O2, maintaining biodiversity, purifying the environment, etc. However, human beings often attach more importance to the direct value of natural resources in the process of transforming the environment and transformation, and ignore the ecological functions value. So it brings lots of damage to the structure of the plant communities in some extent, and reduces the ecological functions of the plant communities.The natural plant communities in the Southern Mountain of Jinan were surveyed with ecological quadrate methods, in order to comprehensive the current structure of plant communities, measure the functional of regional plant communities, put forward the eco-policy. The characteristics of both structure and ecological functional, and the problems in the current status are summarized on the base of quantitative analysis plots within plant community structure indicators and experimental means measured sample grounds soil indicators. In addition, some silvicultural measures are proposed according to the theory of restoration ecology, and this will offer reliable basis for restoration the plant communities degraded, the abundance of silviculture and the bloom of the eco-tourism.The main contents are described below:(1) Based on the theory of plant ecology and restoration ecology, this paper presents the plant impact on the process of soil formation, suitable mechanism, the main species composition and distribution, the classification in domestic and foreign, and also introduces the developments in research of the mountain vegetation recovery and successful experience in practice.(2) The paper deals with the survey data, analyses the plant community eigenvalue of different types, the diversity index, the population distribution pattern of community. And pointing out of the characteristic of plant communities'structure in the Southern Mountains as follows: they mostly are secondary plantation, have less species in Shrubs and grass, lower diversity index, and belong to aggregated distribution pattern.(3) Comprehensive analysis of sample surveys and laboratory monitoring data, in a single function the Orientalis community and the Robinia pseudoacacia community both have a greater biological community production, different plant communities have a quite different affect on soil physical and chemical properties, and the community Orientalis--flame trees has the greatest overall effects on soil according to the principal component analysis, the Robinia pseudoacacia community, the meadow plant community, the orientalis community only has the largest services worth at water conserving, protecting soil and cleaning composition of the atmospHere .(4) To achieve the harmonious development among the socio-economic, the resources and the environment of Jinan City, there are four problems to be resolved in plant community distribution and managements.(5) Considering the southern mountain region's overall impact on the social development of Jinan City and the current vegetation as well as the characteristics of plant community in structure and function, this paper presents plant protection, restoration and silvicultural strategies.