Study On Characteristics Of Polluted Fountainhead Of Rural Life In Chao Lake Basin

Chao Lake Agricultural non-point source pollution has become the main source of the eutrophication of nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition to the loss of traditiongal chemical fertilizers and pesticides, row of phosphorus of aquaculture and soil erosion on farmland for Chao Lake, arbitrary emission of the rural wastewater and rubbish in Chao Lake Basin has become a new and serious pollution source.In this study,108 monitoring points were set up in the country in Chao Lake Basin.Combining basic research, theoretical analysis and the typical method, the originating coefficient and discharge coefficient of wastewater and rubbish of different economic conditions, income levels rural life were determined in Chao Lake Basin.In the same time,it research and analyze the generation and emissions of the rural wastewater and rubbish and the contamination TN,TP,NH₄⁺,COD of the rural wastewater and TN,TP of the organic rubbish.On the basis,it also analyzes the month and seasonal variation characteristics of polluted fountainhead of rural life.The output coefficient of the rural sewage in Chao Lake was 26.31L/person·d, COD was 18.91g/person·d,TP was 0.08 g/person·d,TN was 0.63 g/person·d, NH₄⁺-N was 0.16 g/person·d,the use efficiency of rural sewage was 38%. the ratio of emissions of the rural wastewater to outdoor was 62%.The emissions output of the rural wastewate was 16.31 L/person·d, COD was 11.72g/person·d, TN was 0.05 g/person·d , TN 0.39g/person·d. The concentration index of COD in the wastewater was 800 mg/L to 1200mg/L, and the concentration index of TN was 20 mg/L to 40 mg/L, and the concentration index of TP almost was 4 mg/L to 6 mg/L,and the concentration index of NH₄⁺ was 10 mg/L. the contamination TN,TP,NH₄⁺,COD of the rural wastewater was higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn,but the average was all high in one year.The output coefficient of the rural rubbish in Chao Lake was 0.24kg/person. d, the organic waste was 0.10 kg/person. d, production coefficient of organic waste nitrogen pollution coefficient of 0.40 g/person·d, total phosphorus was 0.11 g/person·d. the average utilization of organic waste was 40%, organic waste discharge coefficient of total nitrogen was 0.24 g/person·d, total phosphorus was 0.07 g/person·d.In the four components of rural rubbish, organic rubbish accounts for about 25 35% of the total and basic were the kitchen waste and leftovers. Recyclable waste was about 30% and waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, fabric and other recyclable materials account for about 25% of the total. Hazardous waste will not produce,its content is about 5% of the total if genetated; other garbage in the basic was dust and the total 30% of dust in Chao Lake area was mostly used cinder in daily life. Value of about the highest month total nitrogen content of organic waste was 3 times than the lowest concentration. Value of about the month highest of total phosphorus content was about 6.5 times the minimum value.This study was to find out the comprehensive and accurate contamination results of the sources of polluted fountainhead of rural Life in Chao Lake Basin. It analyzed and summarized the characteristic and the dynamic changes of polluted fountainhead of the rural life. It provided basic parameters for the future management of rural life in Chao Lake Basin and provided a scientific basis to control the pollution of Chao Lake. While it could provide basis to make decision for scientific environmental management and government policies in rural environmental protection and energy saving targets and so on.