The Nonlinear Behavior And Its Application Of B-Z Chemical Oscillating System

In the present paper, the study of nonlinear chemical phenomena and progress on nonlinear chemistry has been reviewed. An overview on the study of nonlinear chemical phenomena has been made, including chemical oscillating reaction, chaos, and chemical wave, and elucidated the concepts, mechanism, character and practical application of nonlinear chemical phenomena. Moreover, the generant conditions of nonlinear chemical phenomena, common character and descriptive methods were also reviewed. At last, the trends of development of study on nonlinear chemistry are predicted.The nonlinear behavior and the possible mechanism of uncatalysed pyrogallic acid -KBrO3-H2SO4 B-Z oscillating system have been studied. Moreover, the nonlinear behavior of uncatalysed B-Z oscillating system, in which pyrogallic acid used as a substrate, was investigated. Results indicated that the variation of concentration of the reactant was sensitive for the oscillating behavior of B-Z system. Dominant reaction would be altered under the different concentration of reactants, and the single frequency and dual-frequency oscillating behaviors were observed. Moreover, oscillating behaviors elucidated the different oscillating mechanism. According to the FKN and OKN mechanism, the possible mechanism of bromide control and non-bromide control of uncatalysed pyrogallic acid-KBrO3-H2SO4 B-Z system was discussed.In the uncatalyzed oscillating system of the p-hydroxybenzaldehyde-KBrO3-H2SO4,the nonlinear behavior of the uncatalyzed oscillating system for p-hydroxybenzaldehyde -KBrO3-H2SO4 were observed in this part.. According to the FKN and OKN models, a possible mechanism was discussed in detail. In addition, the effects of some of metal ions on the uncatalyzed oscillating system were also investigated. The results showed that both bromide ion and non-bromide ion (bromide radical) controlling processes were present in the mentioned system.Based on the the mechanism of the transient chaotic regime in the B-Z oscillating reaction for the determination of trace amounts of metal ions, a highly sensitive method for the determination of trace amounts of Ni2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Ag+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ions using the transient chaotic regime in the B-Z oscillating chemical reaction is presented in this paper. The results showed that the product of the largest Lyapunov exponent and induction period is linearly proportional to the negative logarithm of concentration of each metal ion under optimum conditions and detection limits for some metal ions such as Ni2+ and Ag+ are down to 10-14 mol L-1. In addition, the possible perturbation mechanism of various metal ions on the oscillating reaction is also discussed in brief.In Na2SO4—Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillating system,the effect of Na2SO4 diluted- solution on the nonlinear behavior of the ferroin-catalyzed B-Z system was reported in the present paper. Results indicated that the regular oscillation was observed only at the concentration of Na2SO4 solution being more than 0.30 mol L-1, otherwise, the periodic oscillation would be changed into chaos or quasi-periodicity oscillation. In addition, the perturbation mechanism of Na2SO4 solution to the B-Z system was discussed in brief.