| This thesis is consists of two parts. Part one is review. Part two is research reports.In part one, the present condition of chemiluminescence (CL) assays in the analysis of organophosphorous poisons and the main analytical methods of organophosphorous poisons are reviewed. The focus of this part is to summarize the application and the development of chemiluminescence assays in the analysis of organophosphorous poisons in detail. The new chemiluminescence methods for the determination of organophosphorous poisons in recent years have also been provided in this paper.Wave spectrum, chromatography and biosensors are major analytical tools of organophosphorous poisons in present time. Wave spectrum was applied to the analysis of organophosphorous poisons in earlier time. The shortcoming of this method is that the sensitivity is not very high. Chromatography is the most important tool in the analysis of organophosphorous poisons because it owns high sensitivity and good separation function. But the instrument is very expensive and the pre-handling process for sample is much complicated. Biosensors possess many advantages such as sensitive, fast and high selectivity. The weakness of biosensors is that the reproducibility is poor and the lifetime is short comparatively.In 1944, schoenemann first reported the CL method for the determination of organophosphorous nerve agent. After that, there are other CL methods applying to the determination of nerve agents.There are some novel CL methods in the analysis of organophosphorous pesticides during recently years, (a) The CL method based upon the reaction of lumino with H2O2 This method has also been applied to the determination of dichlorvos and methyl parathion. (b) The CL method based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The method has also been applied to the determination of paraoxon and dimethoate.(c) The CL method based upon the catalysis of alkaline phosphatase This method has also been applied to the determination of dimethoate and methyl parathion.Part two is mainly focused on developing of novel chemiluminescence method for the direct determination of three organophosphorous pesticides based upon the CLreaction of pesticides with lumino-H2O2 in .the presence of sensitizer.I Study of flow-injection chemiluminescence analysis of parathionA novel sensitive flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of parathion based on the reaction of luminol and IkOi in the presence of neutral surfactant polyethylene glycol-400 has been established. Under the optimal conditions, the CL intensity is linear to the parathion concentration in the range of 2.OX 10~8~1.0 X lO^g/mL. The detection limit is 8 x 10"9 g /mL and the relative standard deviation is 2.8% for 2.OX 10~8g/mL parathion (n=ll). This method has been successfully applied to the determination of parathion residue in rice samples.II Study of flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination offenitrothionA novel flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the direct determination of fenitrothion has been developed .It is based on the reaction of fenitrothion with luminol-H2O2 in alkaline medium. The chemiluminescence signal is enhanced by sodium chloride greatly. Under the optimal conditions, the detection limit is 4 x 10-9 g /mL for fenitrothion. The linear range is 1.0 10-8~ 2.0 10-6g/mL. The relative standard deviation was 2.9% for 1.0 X 10"7g/mL fenitrothion (n=11). The method has been applied to determination of fenitrothion in water samples with satisfactory results. Study of flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of monocrotophosA novel sensitive flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of monocrotophos has been developed in the first time. It is based on the reaction of monocrotophos with luminol-H2O2 in alkaline medium in the presence of sodium chloride as sensitizer. Under the optimal conditions, the CL intensity is linear to the monocrotophos concentration in the range of 2.0 X 10- 8~... |
PDF Full Text Request