Study On The Synthesis,Application And Reaction Mechanism Of A New Type Of Solid Acid Catalyst

Chemical reaction catalyzed by acid is a process widely involved in chemical industry and medical industry. Compared with liquid acid catalyst, the solid acid catalyst has many advantages. With the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness and the increasing strictness of environmental protection request, the solid acid catalyst has become a hot point in catalyst chemistry research. Ion-exchange resin and Zirconium phosphate-phosphonate are two different solid acid catalysts. They all have their own advantages and disadvantages, which performs as follows: ion-exchange resin can be easily prepared and the price of it is cheap, but the service temperature is not high. Zirconium phosphate-phosphonate has higher service temperature, but its preparing technology is complicated and the cost of it is higher. This thesis aims at effectively conjugating these two catalysts, and polishing and modifying each other so as to synthesize the solid acid catalyst, which has high quality and low price.With phosphinic acid as the telogen, the oligo-polystyrenylphosphonous acid was synthesized through one step reaction for the first time,which establishes a good basis of effective conjunct of ion-exchange resin and Zirconium phosphate-phosphonate. The influence of different initiators upon the mechanism of radical reaction is studied for the first time. It is found that the free radical reaction mechanisms were different between two initiators. The new type of solid acid--Zioconium dioxide supported Zirconium (sulfonated polystyryl- phosphonate-phosphate)(ZSPSP/ ZrO2) is synthesized for the first time. The experimental processes are characterized by analytic methods such as IR, MS, TG, DSC, SEM and chemical analysis. The acidity of the solid acid catalyst has been relatively completely described.The capability of the ZSPSP/ ZrO2 is investigated in catalyzing esterification, acetalization (ketal) and ion exchange. As a result , ZSPSP/ ZrO2 is a solid acid catalyst which has higher catalytic activity and certain reusability , whose service temperature increases 50℃ compared with sulfonic resin. The study on ion-exchange performance shows that the solid acid catalyst is an ion exchanger, which has certain selectivity to different ions.The kinetic behaviors of ZSPSP/ ZrO2 are studied in catalyzing the esterification of chloroacetic acid and ethanol. The preliminary discussion is given about its reactionorder, apparent activation energy, equilibrium constant, and reaction heat quantity and reaction mechanism. The oligo-polystyrenylphosphonous acid synthesized through one-step reaction is a new telechelic oligomer. It enriches the category of telechelic oligomer to study. The synthesis of ZSPSP/ ZrO2 succeeds in realizing the mutual polish and modification of Ion-exchange resin and Zirconium phosphate-phosphonate, widening greatly the service temperature of sulfonic resin, lowering the cost of Zirconium phosphate-phosphonate, improving technologic terms of synthesis.