Generation And Detection System Of Fire Smoke

The fire statistics reveal that smoke inhalation is the main reason of fire victims. Thermodynamics and dynamics mechanism study for the generation and emission of fire toxic effluents are of great significance. The paper makes primary experimental basis for the settlement of this scientific problem, builds the generation and detection system of fire smoke.There has been no report of mechanism study in fire toxic effluents' emission by now. Fire smoke toxicity study mainly concentrate in fire safety engineering, emphasise the application of engineering. The study use bench-scale experimental methods as main tools and full-scale methods as auxiliary tools, based on animal exposure procedures. There had been furious arguments in this field. The standardization for the bench- scale fire smoke toxicity testing was not satisfying. Using the technical report proposed by the International Standard Organization as reference, we proposed the relevance to real fire and repeatability of atmosphere generation as our functional targets of fire smoking and detection system for mechanism study. Various technical means to realise the targets are discussed based on the bench- scale methods for fire toxicity testing. The relevance to real fire is embodied in the simulation of the ventilation and heat conditions in real fire. Several heaters including infrared quartz lamps, silicon carbon rods, directional infrared heating device are analysed and compared in their heating properties such as the maximum of heating flux, the space heating uniformity, etc. Two kinds of fire smoking apparatus are designed and constructed: enclosed apparatus and opening apparatus. Systemization of fire smoking and detection has been realised. Technical note and operation procedure of the system are established. The enclosed apparatus simulates the heat and ventilation conditions of the fire in an enclosed space. It can supply the smoke of specimen in different heat flux and time with the space unchanged. The opening apparatus can supply the continuous smokeof specimen under different heat flux and ventilation, which can be used for on-line detection. It also can supply the information of mass change and temperature change during the experiment. The detection part of the system includes gas chromatographic analysis, mass spectrometry, electronic balance for continuous mass recording and FTIR analysis, etc. Use veneer as specimen, through experiments we evaluate the operating characteristic of the enclosed apparatus, examine the measuring performance of electronic balance, analyses the curve of mass decrease and smoke concentration, calculate the recovery of carbon in veneer. The results of the experiments show that the operating characteristic of the system is good.