The Isolation Of Microbial Inoculant And Its Application In Composting Of Swine Manure

Rapid development of hoggery results in large quantity of wastes and thus has caused great impact on the environment. Proper disposal of wastes is of great importance in animal industry. Presently, composting, which is a cost-cffcctivc and widely adopted way to deal with solid wastes, has been commercialized in China. Many composting factories use various kinds of inoculants in manure composting to stimulate this process. The effects of inoculants on swine manure during the process of composting were investigated in this paper. The results showed:1. Filter paper and carboxylic methyl fiber atrium were used as media to isolate and screen cellulose-decomposing microorganisms, and 38 strains were isolated from samples of soil and compost prepared from chicken manure, swine manure and cow manure. Of the isolated 38 strains, 10 strains showed a great capacity in cellulose decomposing, indicated by large and distinct red circles around the colonies in Congo red agar medium. Four strains of fungi were obtained with highest ccllulase activity using liquid medium. Study on the adaptability to carbon sources, temperature and pH showed that two strains have a great potential to be used as composting inoculum.2.Fresh swine manure was prepared in this study; bran was used to control moisture content to about 65%. The experiment was carried out in a factory in Jiaxing, a city located in the northern Zhejinag Province at Dec. 2002. There were four treatments: (1) without inoculants (ck); (2) with 0.05% inoculants of fungus 3 on dry weight basis (treatment 1); (2) with 0.05% inoculants of fungus 6 on dry weight basis (treatment 2); (4) inoculants culture medium (treatment 3). Composts were turned over every seven days and samples were taken at an interval of around 10 days.Changes in parameters of the three different composts were monitored during the composting process. The parameters were temperature, moisture content, pH value, volatile solid, organic carbon, total N, NH4+-N, NO3--N, organic nitrogen, total P, inorganic phosphorus, organic phosphorus, Microorganism numbers, the activities of invertase, cellulose, polyphenol oxidase, protease and phosphatase, catalase. The results showed: inoculants could accelerate the decomposable velocity of organic matter; increase the relative content of total nitrogen and fungus 6 was belter than fungus 3, did no significantly influence of the content of two inorganic form NH4'-N and NO3--N, but fungus 6 was more propitious to increase the relative content of organic nitrogen, increase the relative content of total phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus; decreased the ratio of C/N and C/P than fungus 3.Bacteria, actinomycete, and fungi initially showed a great decrease as the temperature was sharply increased, and reached to a lowest level at about 50-60 days, and thereafter bacteria and actinomycete again increased in number while fungi remain low level when temperature decreased. Inoculation did not show substantial effect on the number of these three kinds of microbes, which could be resulted from the inaccuracy of the counting method. The enzymes fell into three categories according to their change. Catalase activity increased as composting proceeded; polyphenol oxidase activity showed very similar pattern to temperature change; and proteinase, phosphatase, invertase and cellulase activity decreased with the time progress. Inoculation did not show substantial influence on the activities of catalase, proteinase, phosphatase, invertase, and cellulase whereas the activities of polyphenol oxidase were increased by inoculation and fungus 6 brought more effects on polyphenol oxidase than fungus 3.3. The results above showed that fungus 6 is a fungus with a great potential to be used as composting inoculums to improve the quality of composting. In order to clarify this assumption, fungus 6 was used as inoculants in this study. Fresh swine manure was prepared in this study; bran was used to control moisture content to about 65%. The experiment was carried out in a fact...