| Hawthorn (Crataegus) had a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine and European herbal medicine. It was used for both medicinal materials and edibles in China, and was a very important botanic resource. It had planting far and wide, year' yield was very large. Primary studies indicates that hawthorn have many important pharmacological activities in the prevention and treatment of some cardiovascular diseases. These benefits were attributed to several active components such as flavonoids, procyanidins, phenolic acids and triterpene acids etc. In the present research, a suit of analysis methods for those active components was established by using a homemade high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) apparatus. By these methods, the contents of chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, procyanidin B2, procyanidin B5, procyanidin Cl, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid of 37 representative varieties of Crataegus pinnatifida from 8 provinces were determined. The changes of those active components in the fruits during development were monitored by the developed HPLC methods. The HPLC system consisted of two P200II high-pressure permanent flow pump, HYPERSIL BDS C18 (200mm x 4.6mm ID, 5um) column, UV200 II detector and Echrom 98 chromatography workstation. Chromat: graphic condition for polyphenols: solvent A was 20% memanol (v/v) (pH=3.20) and B was 30% acetonitrile (v/v) (pH=3.20), the gradient elution condition (B%/min): 10/0, 10/6, 30/13, 60/22, 100/27, 100/32, 10/35; flow rate was 0.6ml/min at room temperatuie and detection wavelength at 280nm. The correlation coefficients of active substances were between 0.9991 and 0.9999, the detection limits ranged from 2.51ng to 35.56ng and RSDs were <5.0%, the recovery was 93.9%~105.8%, analytic time for one sample was 35 minutes. The chromatographic condition for ursolic acid and oleanolic acid: mobile phase: methanol: water=90:10 (pH=3.0), flow rate was 0.6ml/min at room temperature and detection wavelength was at 210nm. The correlation coefficients of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were 0.9999 and 0.9997; the detection limits were 2.80ng and 2.81ng; the recoveries were 98.3% and 98.7%, respectively. These methods were briefness, rapid and accurate and would be used for quality control of hawthorn crude herb, extracts, and preparations. The analysis indicated that "hyperoside and isoquercitrin were primary flavonoids in Chinese Hawthorn fruits, the contents were notmore than 100mg/kg. Ursolic acid was predominance in triterpene acids in Chinese Hawthorn fruits; it averaged 952mg/kg. However the procyanidins was more than 4000mg/kg, so it was regarded as representative substances in Chinese Hawthorn fruits; different varieties had remarkable diversity, their standard deviation of content were 30% at the least, this reflected multifamily of idioplasmatic resource in Chinese Hawthorn fruits; content of diversified components in congener hawthorn had relativity. In addition, contents of polyphenols in Chinese Hawthorn had elevator trend along with descend of latitude. Dynamic change of content of active components in Chinese Hawthorn fruits were determinate, it changed disciplinarian along with growth, contents of polyphenols reached maximum at the first ten days of July, procyanidins had 1.36% of fruit weight upwards, following gradually descended, when fruit mature at the middle ten days of October, content of each active component ascended appreciably. Furthermore, some unknown substances in Chinese Hawthorn fruits were found, this needed farther research.
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