Studies Of Several Novel Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Composites From ATRP

At present, the products of radical polymerization are in the majority (about 60%) of the polymers, which indicate the essentiality of radical polymerization. This is because the most kinds of vinyl monomers can be polymerized by radical polymerization under mild conditions. Furthermore it can react in water without oxygen. On the other hand, more monomers can be copolymerized which produced more radical polymers. There are some shortcomings in the field of traditional radical polymerization, such as the polymerization possess the behavior of out controlled which arose the results of lose of molecular weights, molecular distributions, molecular structure, molecular composing and end functions. Thus, the properties of polymer from radical polymerization were impaired. Some scientists pay more attention to synthesize the polymer with well-defined structure from living potymerization. Jinshan Wang and K. Matyjaszewski etc introduced a kind of living radical polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ATRP), which include initiator (halogenations alkyl), catalyst (CuCl), ligand (bpy) and monomer (MMA). At the primary phase of initiated stage, the reducing agent of catalyst undergoes a one-electron oxidation with concomitant abstraction of a halogen atom (X) from a dormant species R-X. Thus, the living species and dormant species were formed. Living species may react with monomer or form dormant species for capturing halogen atom, which induced a lower concentration of living species. Because the fast reversible dynamic balances were established we could synthesize the target polymer or oligomer, which possess well-defined structure, controlled molecular weights and low molecular distributions.With the rapid development of technology, more and more polymer materials with function and intellect are required. Some kinds of functional polymer materials such as nanocomposites, electrochemical materials, paramagnetic materials and inorganic/organic hybrid materials attract more attention of scientists. Using fields of these materials involved medical polymer materials (iatric materials medicament transportation, corporal apparatus), electric materials, illuminant materials, non-linear optical field, polymer catalyst, analytical separate film, polymer sorbents and energy storage of transforming phase. In recently, because the systems of ATRP were studied more and more, many scientists pay more attention to the functional materials using ATRP. Comparing with others "living"/controlled methods the ATRP are betterat design of molecule. Now, the applicable studies systems of ATRP are few and far between. Scientists pay more attention to synthesize the functional materials using ATRP. Comparing with other methods of "living" / controlled polymerization the ATRP is good at design. Using ATRP method we also synthesize many kinds of polymers such as block, star, graft, hyper branched (multifunctional) copolymers, inorganic/organic hybrid materials and nonmaterial etc.The development of Living Polymerization and ATRP were reviewed in this part. Especially, the methods of living polymerization, mechanism and features of ATRP, composition of ATRP and its application in synthesizing and preparing functional polymers that are of special structures and can be characterized easily have been expatiated. Herein, we reported that structurally well-defined, polymer-nanoparticle hybrids were prepared by modifying the surface of ultrafine silica with peroxide groups for reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). ATRP was first used to prepare PSt-PMMA-PSt / clay nanocomposite. The dissertation presents here the following main points;(1) A novel clay-dispersed ABA triblock copolymer nanocomposite was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using a difunctional macroinitiator. Formation of the PSt-PMMA-PSt copolymer inside the galleries leads to the exfoliation of the layered silicate. By combining the observation from XRD and TEM, we determined that the PSt-PMMA-PSt/clay hybrid was an exfoliated nanocomposite. Th...