An Investigation Of Air Pollution In Newly Decorated Rooms And Study On Genetic Toxicity Of Pollutants

Objective To explore the formaldehyde and radon concentration in newlydecorated rooms and to reveal the connection of indoor decoration and health,tostudy the genotoxicity of mice by formaldehyde and of human by compositivepollutants in newly decorated rooms,to take effective steps can control theindoor air pollution and enhance the quality of human living. Methods 1.The formaldehyde and radon concentration in the samplingrooms chosen from 55 newly decorated (the time of decoration is from onemonth to one year) and 30 undecorated rooms were measured to estimate thegeneral level of indoor pollution. 2.Thirty adult and healthy mice weredivided into five groups at random: negative control group,low dose group(1.25mg/m~3),medium dose group(2.50mg/m~3),high dose group(5.00mg/m~3)and positive control group.They are exposed to formaldehyde for 15 days andthe genotoxicity of formaldehyde was tested by alkaline single cell gelelectrophoresis ( SCGE , comet assay ) and mice bone marrowmicronuclei. 3.The health effects of residents were investigated by using thesame questionary.Then we selected the people who did not smoke or drink andwere out of bad occupational contact experience and collected blood in vein toexamine the genotoxicity of decorative materials by comet assay andmicronuclei tests.Thus,we can find an early biological indicator and inspectingguideline to detect the health effects from harmful factors. Results 1.The indoor air pollution was serious induced by decorativematerials.The average concentration of formaldehyde in the newly decoratedrooms was 0.223 mg/m~3,higher than the national standard(0.10 mg/m~3)forrooms by 1.23 times.The highest concentration was 0.688 mg/m~3 and exceededthe standard by 5.88 times.The results of the decoration group were comparedby dividing them into two groups according to whether the inspecting time wasbeyond six months.The average concentration of formaldehyde less than sixmonths was 0.273 mg/m~3.The concentration in 90.91% measuring portsexceeded the national standard.The average concentration of formaldehydemore than six months was 0.168 mg/m3.The concentration in 76.67%measuring ports exceeded the national standard.The average concentration ofradon in the newly decorated rooms was 32.12Bq/m3.The highest concentrationwas 275.28 Bq/m3,markedly higher than the control group(P<0.05).2.Bothcomet assay and micronuclei tests indicated that formaldehyde could makegermplasm mutate and damage chromosome.The results also indicated the rateof micronuclei and comet both became higher with the dose increasing. 3.Thesurvey showed the residents in newly decorated rooms had occurred ill effectsincluding eye irritation, gular discomfort, dizziness, nasal dryness, coughand skin itch, etc. 4.The comet assay and micronuclei tests to people bothrevealed that the pollutants from decorative materials synthetically acting onpeople could damage germplasm. Conclusion 1.The pollution of formaldehyde in newly decorated rooms isserious.There is a decline trend in the concentration of formaldehyde with timegoing on.It implies that we don't hurry to live after decoration until theconcentration of pollutants falls to the standard level. 2.The research indicatedthe rate of micronuclei and comet both became higher with the doseincreasing.It implies formaldehyde can damage germplasm of mice. 3.It willaffect people's health and damage germplasm that decorative materials aretouched for long time.This should be guarded by people.The research in thisfield should be strengthened and effective measures should be taken to reducethe concentration of pollutants.