Polymer-induced Morphological Synthesis Of Inorganic Salt

The controlled synthesis of inorganic or inorganic/organic hybrid materials with specific shape or highly ordered hierarchical architecture is a key challenge in current materials synthesis and device fabrication. Recently, bio-inspired synthesis strategy has been explored as a promising approach for the morphological control and crystal tectonics. The main work of this thesis is summarized as follows:Firstly, strontium carbonate particles with different morphologies were prepared by a simple precipitation reaction of sodium carbonate with strontium nitrate in the absence and presence of poly-(styrene-alt-maleic acid) (PSMA). The effects of the concentration of PSMA on the morphologies and phase structures of strontium carbonate particles were investigated and discussed. The results showed that SrCO₃ particles with various shapes, such as bundles, dumbbells, irregular aggregates and spheres could be obtained by varying the concentration of PSMA. A schematic illustration was proposed to account for the shape evolution of the as-prepared SrCO₃ particles.Secondly, pure calcite crystal with different morphologies such as wood-block and spherical aggregates were prepared by a precipitation reaction in the presence of citric acid. The results showed that citric acid obviously influenced the formation of precipitates and the morphology of final products. The formation mechanism of wood-block-like particles was proposed according to theoretical deduction and the proposed growth mode.Finally, monoclinic PbCrO₄ nanorods, with a rectangular cross section, a typical length of 6 to 7 (am, a width of 80-150 ran, and a width-to-thickness ratio of 2-5, were successfully synthesized via a simple precipitation reaction, followed by a hydrothermal treatment.without using any templates and additives. It was found that the length of as-obtained PbCrO₄ nanorods relies on the pH value and the aging temperature, and the optical properties of PbCrO₄ nanorods depend on their length.