The Research On Water Resources And Water Ecological Problems Of XiangJiang River Basin Section Flowing Through Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan

Xiangjiang River is the fifth main tributaries of Yangtse River and is also the biggest one in Hunan Province, which account to 36.5% of the total surface water resources in Hunan Province. It has a total catchment area of 94,600 km2, and 85,400 km2 in Hunan Province. The river flowing through Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan has a total length of 128km. All these characteristics are favorable to supply water for drinking, industry, irrigation, navigation, and so on, so Xiangjiang River contributes a lot to the development of economy. But recently, because of big seasonal and region variation in water-level, the river severe droughts. What's more, with the city's expansion and the development of economy, more and more wastewater goes into the river, which exceeds the water environmental capacity and aggravats the ecosystem. Consequently, it's urgent to take measures to restore the water resources and ecosystem.First, the paper analysed the current statues of economic and social situation, and made a conclusion of the situation of water resources exploitation and plan and water ecological environment of Chang-zhu-tan district. This part aimed at restoring elosystem by designing experiments according to problems we have researched, such as oil contaminant in Xiangjiang-Changsha section and heavy metal contaminent in Xiangjiang-Xiangtan section.Second, the paper analysed the soil and water contaminant and ecosystem destroy caused by oil-leaking in gas station along Xiangjiang-Changsha section and chosen remediation measures. The experiment collected soil samples of gas station along Xiangjiang-Changsha section, analyzing the physic-chemical characteristics and the total content of petroleum in soils, washing soils with three surfactants,which are humic acid, rhamnolipid (a biosurfactant) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS, a synthetic surfactant), obtaining valuable expetimantal conditions to ascertain optimal measure. Results showed that rhamnolipid performed excellently with a maximum removal of 61.4%. The performance of humic acid was equally as good as SDS. So, it gives a natural and environmental-friendly alternative for remediation of oily contaminated soils using synthetic surfactant. Surfactant concentration and soil type both had great effect on soil washing: oil removal was increased as the concentration of surfactant increased when surfactant concentration was not above CMC, but at concentration greater than CMC, oil removal was not show further enhancement; all surfactants removed more oil from fresh soils than from weathered soil. Hence, choice of appropriate surfactant and concentration is paramount before practical application of surfactants in oil removal from contaminated soils.Third, the paper analysed the heavy metal contaminant and ecosystem destroy caused by Mn mine tailing of Xiangtan manganese mine along Xiangjiang-Xiangtan section and chosen remediation measures. In this article, a survey of soils contaminated by Mn Mine tailing and eight plants growing on the soils was conducted. Exceptional-high concentrations of Mn, Pb, and Cd were found in the soils. The concentrations of the three metals in nine plants and the metal-enrichment traits of these nine plants were analyzed at the same time. Results indicated that Poa pratensts, Gnaphalinm affine, Pteris viltata L., and Phytolacca esculenta Van Houtte were of good Mn-enrichment and Mn-tolerant traits. Poa pratensts, Gnaphalinm affine, and Pteris viltata L. were the Pb-tolerant plants. Comnyza canadensis (L.) Cronqs, Poa pratensts, and Gnaphalinm affine were Cd-tolerant plants. However, no hyperaccumulator of these three heavy metals was found in this survey, and further research on improved culture experiments were still in process.Finally, the paper gives some comments to the ecology master plan of Xiangjiang River section flowing through Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan. First, pay great attention to the water resources exploiture of the trunk of Xiangjiang River, implementing the sustainable development. Second, quicken the establishment of"the Xiangjiang River Eco-economy Zone". With the implementing of《Development and Construction Master Plan of Xiangjiang River Eco-economy Zone Along the Section of Changsha ,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan》,this section will be endowed more function. Around the main line of the Xiangjiang River eco-economy zone, the impact of development of Xiangjiang River's landscape zone and districtwide economy on the ecology and environment is studied with emphasis, at the same time, the relationship between economy development and eco-environmental protection is dealt with properly, so, we can unify the economy, ecology and society to attain sustainable development of Chang-Zhu-Tan's district. Last, putting ponderer to the law of ecology plan. The paper proposes that through the formulation of fundamental national natural resource plan law, we can clarify the ecology plan goal, providing legal pledge for ecology plan of Xiangjiang river basin from the entity and the procedure, establishing and consummating four basic system of the Xiangjiang River ecology plan.